等速肌力訓練對細胞激素的影響

陳玉英

指導教授 ： 方進隆 ； 曾哲明

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/博士(1999年)

摘要

本研究的主要目的是探討六週等速肌力訓練對白血球分泌細胞激素：白血球間素1β(IL-1β)、腫瘤壞死因子α(TNF-α)、白血球間素6(IL-6)和干擾素γ(IFN-γ)的影響，並分析細胞激素在單次及前後兩次激烈的等速肌力測驗後的變化。
本研究以三十八名自願參與的健康大學男生為研究對象，利用Cybex 6000等速肌力訓練儀進行最大肌力測驗及最大肌肉疲勞指數測驗，並進行六週不同肌肉收縮型態的等速肌力訓練。受試者分為離心訓練、向心訓練及控制組，訓練組參加六週（每週三次共十八次）等速離心或向心肌力訓練。採自肘前靜脈的血液樣本，經白血球分離、培養程序，收集以LPS刺激培養的白血球細胞懸浮液，並利用ELISA 進行細胞激素濃度分析。
本研究用SAS（Statistical Analysis System）統計套裝軟體進行資料整理及統計分析，結果發現：
1. 單次激烈的等速肌力測驗前後，白血球上清液中IL-1β及TNF-α濃度略升，但未達顯著水準。而IL-6及IFN-γ濃度下降，IFN-γ減低的現象達顯著水準(t=-2.06*, p<0.05)。
2. IL-6、IFN-γ高反應型與低反應型對單次激烈的等速肌力測驗刺激產生不同的變化。高反應型受試者，肌力測驗後濃度下降(IL-6 t=-2.11*,p<0.05; IFN-γ t=-2.44*, p<0.05)。低反應型受試者上清液中濃度增加，但只有IL-6達顯著水準(IL-6 t=2.70*,p<0.05; IFN-γt=1.81, p>0.05)。
3. 間隔三週第二次激烈的等速肌力測驗對白血球分泌四種細胞激素的影響較第一次的運動刺激小。TNF-α影響顯著 (F=9.80,p<0.05)
4. 六週等速向心或離心的肌力訓練，對白血球上清液中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6及 IFN-γ濃度影響不顯著。
綜合本研究結果發現，單次激烈的等速肌力測驗對白血球分泌IL-1β、TNF-α及IL-6有不同程度的影響但不顯著，對IFN-γ則有抑制的效果。前後兩次的激烈運動刺激對TNF-α有影響，第二次的刺激所引起的細胞激素濃度顯著比第一次低。六週不同等速肌力訓練方式，可能受到肌肉適能差異、個人適應能力或環境變因的影響，對白血球分泌四種細胞激素：IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6和IFN-γ濃度的影響不大。六週離心的肌力訓練並沒有明顯損傷肌肉或造成嚴重的發炎反應。

關鍵詞：
等速肌力訓練、離心收縮、向心收縮、細胞激素、
白血球間素1β、腫瘤壞死因子α、白血球間素6、干擾素γ

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of long-term isokinetic strength training on the levels of cytokine which contains Interleukin 1β(IL-1β),Tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α), Interleukin-6(IL-6), and Interferones g (IFN-g). The study further extended to investigate the differences of acute on cytokine separately after strenuous isokinetic strength test were taken.
Thirty-eight university male students who had not received any special training was recruited as the subjects for this study. They were divided into three different groups: eccentric, concentric and controls. The eccentric and concentric groups had received 18 times (3 d/wk; 6 wk) isokinetic strength training. Blood samples were taken from antecubital vein. Cytokine concentration in the supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were concluded as the following.
1. There were no significant difference of the effect on the concentration of IL-1β and TNF-α after the acute isokinetic strength test were taken.The concentration of IL-6 and IFN-g secreted by leukocyte were reduced, but only IFN-g decreased significantly, (t=-2.06*,p<0.05), after the intensive isokinetic strength test .
2. The isokinetic strength test made two different reactions types on the cytokine to different results. The ability of leukocyte’s secretion apparently decreased on the high reaction of IL-6 and IFN-g type group (IL-6 t=-2.11*,p<0.05; IFN-g t=-2,44*,p<0.05). However, the ability of leukocyte’s secretion was increased , but only IL-6 made significant difference (IL-6 t=2.70*,p<0.95; IFN-g t=1.81, p>0.05) on the low reaction of IL-6 and IFN-g type group.
3. The effects of cytokine levels from the intensive isokinetic strength tests on the first and the second time (after three weeks) were compared separately, and found the effect of the second time was more significant than that of on the first time, and TNF-α showed apparently different(F=9.80,p<0.05).
4. There were no significant difference on the levels of the cytokine, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-g, after concentric and eccentric training were taken for 6 wk separately.
It was concluded that the maximal isokinetic strength test of single violent one made a slight effect on IL-1β,TNF-α, and IL-6, but it made a restraint on IFN-g, it is probable that the subject possessed different reactions of their leukocyte secretion.
The concentrations of cytokine on the second violent exercise stimulation was lower than that on the first time. The 6 wk isokinetic strength training, either concentric or eccentric, made no significantly effect on the concentration of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-g .

keywords：Isokinetic strength training ; Eccentric training;
Concentric training; Cytokine; Interleukin-1β(IL-1β);
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α(TNF-α); Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Interferon g (INF- g)

參考文獻

陳玉英。 (1998)。 等速肌力訓練對細胞激素IL-6和IFN-γ的影響，中華民國體育學會體育學報，第二十五輯，159-168。

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