主管創新領導風格及自我效能對於創新意圖之影響研究

近來，隨著市場競爭加劇和勞動力成本快速上升，企業與企業間彼此競爭需不斷創新，產業因科技發展快速，全球競爭日益激烈，促使創新型產業不斷崛起，企業創新人才需求比例逐年增加；因此，企業內部創新議題受到產業界及學術界的關注，除了員工的知識提升與認知思考使本身自我效能提升產生創新能力外，而企業主管的領導風格及創新領導方式的也是員工創新能力發展的重要因素。企業的長期發展優勢來自於研發活動，除了研發部門擔負著延續企業生命力的任務外；其他部門人員的工作創新與企業產品生產效率息息相關。本研究以塑膠相關產業之部門員工為研究對象，並採用立意取樣的問卷調查方式，針對自我效能、主管創新領導風格對於主觀規範、知覺控制行為對於創新行為意圖之間影響關係探究。本研究透過應用結構方程模式(SEM)為檢定本研究假設方法，其研究結果發現主管創新領導風格對主觀歸範有正向的關係、主管創新領導風格對知覺行為控制有正向的關係、自我效能對主觀歸範有正向的關係、自我效能對知覺行為控制有正向的關係、主觀規範對創新意圖有正向的關係、知覺行為控制對創新意圖有正向的關係。最後就本研究之結果與建議可提供給相關企業主管與企業主參考，盼能主管發揮創新領導效能並提高部屬自我效能以促進企業創新發展。

關鍵字

主管領導風格；自我效能；主觀歸範；知覺行為控制；創新領導；行為意圖

並列摘要

The competition among enterprises is becoming severe along with rapidly increasing labor cost and marketing competition. The fast paced technology advancement and stringent global competition lead to continuously booming development of innovative industry and rising demand of innovative staffs year by year. Therefore, the innovative initiatives within the enterprise become the highly focused subjects of the agenda of management review and academic case studies. In addition to upgrade of staff’s knowledge and thoughts to improve the individual performance for higher innovative capability, the manager’s leadership style and innovation is also an important factor of staff team innovative ability .development. The long term competitive strength of the enterprise is based on the rigorous research and development activities. Not only the RD team’s innovative power in product development will create value to the company, but the enterprise benefit is closely correlated to manufacture operation team’s innovation in process efficiency improvement and logistics administration. This research aims to find the relationships between employee’s self-efficiency, manager’s innovation leadership on subjective norms, perceived control behavior and staff’s intention to innovation in the plastic related industry through questionnaire survey by purposive sampling. The study employs the Structure Equation Modeling approach (SEM) to test the hypothesis of the research. The study result reveals that the staff’s subjective norm is positively correlated with the manager’s leadership style. The staff’s perceived behavior control is positively correlated with manager’s innovative leadership style. The self-efficiency is positively correlated with staff’s subjective norm and perceived behavior control. The innovative intention is positively correlated with staff’s subjective norm. The author wishes the study result and concluded suggestion may help the corporate high management a good reference to inspire the manager’s innovation leadership style and uplift the employees’ self-efficiency which will create continuous innovation for long term operation.