視覺障礙公務人員工作適應歷程之研究

本研究旨在探討視覺障礙者從事公務人員之工作適應歷程。研究者以立意取樣及滾雪球抽樣兩種方式進行，邀請到四位視覺障礙者擔任研究參與者，並以深度訪談法蒐集資料，運用NVivo第10版質性分析軟體進行資料分析，研究結果如下：一、視覺障礙者從事公務人員前的工作適應情況：（一）會受身為視覺障礙者的被拒經驗，及家庭因素選擇從事公務人員；（二）期盼穩定的職業生活是投入國家考試的主要契機；（三）從事公務人員之前的工作經驗，會左右後續單位類型的選擇，如選擇學校單位。二、視覺障礙者考取公務人員，分發至受訓時的適應情況：（一）視覺障礙者會優先選擇交通方便的單位做為理想志願；（二）釐清單位屬性及工作內容，有助於填報志願的參考；（三）「積極主動」的人格特質，是視覺障礙公務人員工作適應重要因素；（四）家人的支持態度及立場，會影響視覺障礙公務人員工作適應；（五）螢幕報讀軟體無法順利使用，會影響視覺障礙公務人員的工作執行。三、視覺障礙者在正式擔任公務人員後的適應情況：（一）工作能力與職場要求的落差，會影響視覺障礙公務人員工作適應；（二）外在資源儘早介入，當有助於視覺障礙公務人員工作適應；（三）視力協助者可有效協助視覺障礙公務人員繞過障礙；（四）友善職場，需要職場主管更多的理解與包容；（五）視覺障礙者的工作適應是持續進行，且需要不斷地再調適。

關鍵字

視覺障礙者；視覺障礙公務人員；工作適應；視力協助員；職務再設計

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the work adjustment process of the visually impaired public servants. The researcher used purposive sampling and snowball sampling, invited 4 visually impaired people to participate, collected data through in-depth interviews and conducted data analysis using NVivo (version 10). The research results are listed below: 1.The work adjustment of the 4 visually impaired people before they became public servants: (a) they chose to become public servants because they experienced being rejected by other jobs as the visually impaired and because of their family factors; (b) the main reason why they took the national examination was that they expected to get a steady job; (c) their former work experience could affect their choice of their later job types, e.g. choosing to work at schools. 2.The training adjustment of the visually impaired after they passed the national examination: (a) the visually impaired would make ease of transportation their main priority when choosing their work units; (b) listing attributes and job content could help them in the application process; (c) “being proactive” was an important factor in the work adjustment process of visually impaired public servants; (d) family support, attitude and stance could affect their work adjustment; (e) the screen reading software’s not being able to be used smoothly could affect their work execution. 3.The work adjustment of the visually impaired after they became public servants officially: (a) the gap between their ability to work and the workplace requirements could affect their work adjustment; (b) the earliest intervention of external resources could help work adjustment of visually impaired public servants; (c) visual assistants could help them skirt obstacles effectively; (d) they need a friendly workplace and more understanding and tolerance from directors (e) the work adjustment of the visually impaired was going on continuously and needed to be readjusted constantly.