鐵人三項賽事風險管理之研究-以臺灣鐵人三項有限公司為例

本研究以個案研究的方式，探討臺灣鐵人三項有限公司舉辦鐵人三項賽事的風險和風險管理之策略，並使用深度訪談法的半結構式訪談法、文件分析法和現場參與法作為探討舉辦鐵人三項賽事風險管理之研究方法。本研究訪談鐵人公司中管理階層五人，以及現場田野觀察了九次，主要探討人員風險、活動風險和場地器材風險，結合風險管理策略，即比賽前的風險確認、風險衡量和風險決策，賽中的風險執行，賽後的風險成效評估與回饋進行研究。研究結果如下：（一）人員風險中對應志工策略是受到特別關注的，讓志工在比賽前接受教育訓練、工作手冊的閱讀以及現場的組長與重要幹部的帶領，都為了確保賽事的安全性和流暢度。（二）活動風險中賽前的規劃和賽中的執行特顯重要，賽前避開不利舉辦賽事的時間因素，選擇合適的賽道並規劃路線，而在賽中與救生人員、救護人員和交管人員一同確保賽事安全。活動風險是整個舉辦賽事風險管理中最重要的部分。（三）場地器材風險中主要是讓器材提升賽事的流暢度，賽事的安全性，再來才是美觀和效益。風險的發生是無所不在，風險管理並沒有做得最好的風險管理，只有做得更好的風險管理，唯有一次又一次的實作，在經驗中學習才有更好的風險管理。研究者的研究只是一項開端，希望日後會有更多相關的研究，可以使賽事更完善更安全。

關鍵字

鐵人三項；風險；風險管理

並列摘要

This is a case study on the investigating of risk in triathlon event and risk management strategies. In order to explore risk management strategies of triathlon event, several approaches are utilized including semi-structure interviews, document analysis and field observation on local triathlon events. This study is conducted with five interviews with the managers of Taiwan Triathlon company and nine field observations, with main investigation on personnel risk, event risk and venues equipment risk on risk management strategies, integrating risk managing strategies, by execute risk identification, risk measurement and under risk decision making before the triathlon event, risk management implementation during the event and risk evaluation together with result feedback after the event. The results are as follows: (I) Volunteers strategies which corresponds to personnel risk are of particularly concerned, good volunteer management includes ensuring volunteers are well educated to fulfill their roles effectively, volunteer handbook and leading by site leaders and cadres are enforced to ensure the safety and fluency of the event. (II) As for the event risk, event planning beforehand and the execution during game are highlighted, avoiding unfavorable time to organize the events, appropriate track and route selection, lifeguard, rescue personnel and traffic control personnel to ensure the overall safety of events. Event risk is the most important part throughout the risk management of organizing this event. (III) Site equipment risk is designed to allow the fluency and safety of events, followed by the appearance and efficiency. Risk is everywhere, there is no the-best risk management but only better risk management, throughout repeating the execution and implementation, learning through experience lead to a better risk management. Research study is just a beginning, hopefully that in the future there will be more research, to provide a better and more secure environment for triathlon events.