以專利地圖分析之模糊能力集合擴展與提升創新能力

A Patent Map Analysis Based Fuzzy Competence Set Expansion and Enhancement for Innovation Capabilities

張祐寧(Chang You-Ning)

指導教授 ： 黃啟祐

國立臺灣師範大學/科技與工程學院/工業教育學系/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202204466

摘要

在以知識為基礎的時代，知識已成為大多數經濟體發展最主要的要件之一。對企業來說，有價值的知識與智慧財產權必須擁有法律的保障，且具有原創性和獨特市場的特性。專利是一種為推進科技進步的法律和經濟方法，來鼓勵人們創造發明與促進經濟發展的保障制度。另外，專利具有高度的排他性，因此可保護發明人在法定期限內具有充分公開之發明內容的有效專屬權，且這些資訊可以作為競爭性分析以及技術開發的基礎。然而，如何將專利的資訊應用於公司的能力分析與策略的訂定卻很少被討論。所以本研究目的為解決研究的缺口。因此本研究以能力集合擴展為基礎更進一步的擴大範圍與專利資訊介紹，為跨越目前研究工作主要集中於專利資訊探勘的缺口。本文首先定義將進行分析的技術範圍，並確認選擇檢索的專利數據資料庫(例如美國專利商標局USPTO)，然後根據專利檢索結果來建構技術功效矩陣。為滿足某特定產品功能創新所需的技術，會基於混合多準則決策方法包括決策實驗室分析法(DEMATEL)基於網絡程序(DNP)以及以專家意見為基礎的方法VIKOR被評估與選擇。接著針對技術於現階段的能力與預期達到之能力的差距根據專家意見進行評估。為跨越技術能力集合之缺口所需之成本與時間來擴展，於是引入由Tzeng and Huang (2013)提出之以能力集合擴展為基礎之模糊多目標決策（FMODM）方法。根據上述能力集合擴展流程得出之結果，可以得出縮減能力缺口的成本與能力集合擴展路徑圖，應用於特定組織。所產生之最佳解為達到預期花費最少之成本。實證研究以停車場節能照明系統為例進行專利檢索並進行技術能力集合擴展，同時也可透過達到預期水準之擴展所需資源來驗證此方法架構的可行性，分析結果亦可以作為停車場節能照明系統策略訂定的基礎。

關鍵字

專利 ； 專利檢索 ； 專利地圖 ； 模糊能力集合擴展

並列摘要

Patent is a legal and economic means to encourage people to create and invent, to take forward scientific and technological progress, and promote economic development of security systems. Such information provides detailed descriptions of invention and thus, can serve as basis for competitive analysis and further technology development. Therefore, this research aims to resolve this research gap. In order to cross the research gap between the current works which mainly focus on mining patent information, this research further extend the scope and introduce patent information as the basis for competence set expansion. The study first defines the scope of the technology to be analyzed. Then, the technology/functionality matrix is constructed according to the patent search results. The technology being required to fulfill the functionality belonging to some specific product innovation will be evaluated and selected based on hybrid MCDM methods consisting of the DEMATEL based ANP and the VIKOR method based on experts’ opinions. To cross the technology competence gaps, the cost and time being required for expanding. Based on the results being derived by the Competence Set Expansion processes, the costs and the competence set expansion roadmap being required for closing the competence gaps of some specific organization can be derived. The optimal solutions generated can determine the minimum budget necessary to achieve the meta-optimum. An empirical study based on the patent analysis of the parking lot energy-saving illumination system, a competence set expansion of the parking lot energy-saving illumination system technologies, as well as the derivations of resources being required for expanding the technological competences to the aspired level are used to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed analytic framework. The analytic results can also serve as the basis for strategy definitions of the parking lot energy-saving illumination system technologies.

並列關鍵字

none

參考文獻

Reference

Abraham, B. P., & Moitra, S. D. (2001). Innovation assessment through patent analysis. Technovation, 21(4), 245-252.

Asosheh, A., Nalchigar, S., & Jamporazmey, M. (2010). Information technology project evaluation: An integrated data envelopment analysis and balanced scorecard approach. Expert Systems with Applications, 37(8), 5931-5938.

Bacon, C. J. (1992). The use of decision criteria in selecting information systems/technology investments. MIS quarterly, 335-353.

Bandarian, R. (2008). Measuring commercial potential of a new technology at the early stage of development with fuzzy logic. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 2(4), 73-85.