臺北市樂齡學習中心學員音樂學習需求看法之調查研究

二十一世紀全球人口快速高齡化，各國積極推動終身學習，我國也於各縣市開設多所樂齡學習中心，提供 55歲以上的樂齡者終身學習的環境。音樂學習能幫助樂齡者保持身心愉悅、增進社會互動及充實自我能力等，也能營造快樂學習、樂而忘齡的學習場域，是終身學習中重要的一環。有鑑於此，本研究目的為瞭解樂齡者對於音樂學習需求之看法，以臺北市樂齡學習中心學員為研究對象，探究其對於身心健康、社會互動及探索實現等三項學習需求之看法，並進一步探討樂齡學員不同的性別、年齡、最高學歷及音樂學習經驗等背景變項，對於音樂學習需求看法之差異情形。本研究採用調查研究法，以立意取樣選取臺北市五間樂齡學習中心開設之音樂與非音樂課程學員為研究對象，並以研究者自編之「臺北市樂齡學習中心學員音樂學習需求看法之調查問卷」作為研究工具。共發出 342份問卷，收回問卷 324 份，回收率達有效問卷共 319 份。本研究之主要結果如下：一、臺北市樂齡學習中心學員對參與音樂學習能夠滿足身心健康之學習需求表達認同，尤其是能提升心肺功能以及保持專注力。不同未來參與音樂課程意願之學員在身心健康學習需求的看法達顯著差異。二、臺北市樂齡學習中心學員對參與音樂學習能夠滿足社會互動之學習需求表達認同，尤其是能增加與人互動的機會。不同未來參與音樂課程意願之學員在社會互動學習需求的看法達顯著差異。三、臺北市樂齡學習中心學員對參與音樂學習能夠滿足探索實現之學習需求表達認同，尤其是能開展音樂的視野。不同未來參與音樂課程意願之學員在探索實現學習需求的看法達顯著差異。最後根據研究結果，對樂齡學習相關機構及後續研究提出建議。

關鍵字

音樂學習需求；樂齡音樂學習；樂齡學習中心

並列摘要

Rapid aging of global population in the 21st century, many countries have been actively promoting lifelong learning. At the same time, Taiwan builds up many Senior Citizens’ Learning Centers, which provide a lifelong learning environment for 55 years old or above citizens, in various cities and counties. Music learning helps senior citizens to maintain physical or mental pleasure, enhance social interaction, and enrich self-capabilities. Additionally, music leaning can create an environment of “’Learning in joy, forgetting the age’’. This is an important core of lifelong learning. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the opinions of the music learning for senior citizens, who was participants at the Senior Citizens’ Learning Centers in Taipei city. In addition, the study analyzed the gender, age, education level, and music learning experience of these senior citizens, then compared these statistics to their opinions of music learning needs. The survey method was utilized in this study. The subjects were the participants from five Senior Citizens’ Learning Centers in Taipei City which offered both music and non-music classes. The instrument was a self-designed questionnaire. A total of 342 questionnaires were sent out and 324 questionnaires were recovered. The recovery rate was 94%. There were 319 effective questionnaires. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. The subjects were recognized that having music learning can meet physical and mental health learning needs. Especially, it could “improve cardiovascular function” and “keep concentration”. The subjects with different willingness to participate music courses in the future had significant differences on the opinions of these physical and mental health learning needs. 2. The subjects were recognized that having music learning can meet social communication learning needs. Especially, it could “increase the opportunity to develop social relation”. The subjects with different willingness to participate music courses in the future had significant differences on the opinions of these social communication learning needs. 3. The subjects were s recognized that having music learning can meet music knowledge discovery and self-realization learning needs. Especially, it could “broaden musical knowledge horizons”. The subjects with different willingness to participate music courses in the future had significant differences on the opinions of these music knowledge discovery and self-realization learning needs. Finally, based on the research findings above, the researcher proposed relevant suggestions to the institutions of senior citizens learning and future research studies.