臺灣現代詩中的自我形象研究

本文以「自我形象」作為重新觀看、省思、研究臺灣現代詩的視角，指出現代詩中所使用的意象可能或多、或少涉及自我的外在形象、內心感受、情愛意識、變形轉化，或是潛意識之原型表現等，這樣的投射與詩人書寫意識上「自我比況」為動物像、植物像、人物像或神話像等，即為「自我形象表現」。筆者企圖從意象學、心理分析學、作家傳記批評等概念建構之，並著重以五個主題：自我實現、自我變形、個體化歷程、人物原型、原住民詩人作品為研究中心，重新彙整、討論臺灣現代詩多種面貌與自我意象之象徵意涵表現。在自我實現的人格形象方面，現代詩人對自我內在理想的憧憬與理念的企求與嚮往，轉化成物像於詩中代表之，且多位本土派詩人也積極參與社會議題，以「像」脫出自我的政治意識，從馬斯洛的自我實現與佛洛伊德「超我」概念，作為研究視角分析尤為可觀。身體與情慾的變形，借鑑「變形詩學」的概念，探究詩人化身為動物或植物並與自我生命經歷連結，展示出具象與抽象的多重變化與比擬自我。個體化歷程中的「自我」是依照榮格心理學的方法，討論詩人詩作反映的潛意識與原型角色，如陰影、阿尼瑪、阿尼姆斯等，最終以「本我」象徵作結，視為一完整歷程。再來經六個英雄人物原型探究不同臺灣詩人詩作與原型意涵的聯繫，能發現詩人風格與表現形式的多變性。現代角色投射經由詩人角色扮演為守夜人、水手、小丑與工人，各自表述與展示戲劇性的自我形象。最後以臺灣原住民詩人為主體，探究原住民詩人在自我形象書寫的變化與特殊性。本文企圖理解詩人對於像與意之間的互動關係，且詩人有意識、無意識的將自己放入詩作當中，從本文可以見得研究成果，藉意象的襯托、輔助，詩人表現自我、書寫自我、變形自我，呈顯出流動與極具代表性的自我形象。

關鍵字

自我形象；臺灣現代詩；意象；自我比況；人格；原型；變形

並列摘要

This paper to "self image" as to watch, thought, study the perspective of Taiwan modern poetry, points out that the image used in modern poetry may be more or less involve self external image, inner feelings, affection, transformation, or subconscious prototype performance, etc., such projection and the poet writing consciousness "self comparison" for animals, plants, characters or myth, namely "self image performance". The author tries to construct the concepts of imagery, psychoanalysis, writers and biography criticism, and focuses on five themes: self-realization, self-deformation, individualized process, character prototype, and the works of indigenous poets as the research center, so as to reorganize and discuss the various features of Taiwan modern poetry and the symbolic expression of self-image. In terms of self-fulfilling personality image, the modern poet to the vision of self inner ideal and concept of enterprise and yearning, into something like represented in poetry, and a number of local poets also actively participate in social issues, to "like" out of self political consciousness, from maslow self realization and Freud "ego" concept, as a research perspective analysis is particularly considerable. The deformation of the body and lust, drawing on the concept of "deformation poetics", explores the poet incarnate as an animal or plant and linked to his own life experience, showing the multiple changes and comparison of the issuing image and the abstract self. The "self" in the individualized process is to discuss the subconscious and archetypal characters reflected in the poet's poems, such as shadow, Anima, and Anames, according to the method of Jung psychology. Finally, the symbol of "Ben" is regarded as a complete process. Then, by exploring the connection between the poems and the original meanings of different Taiwan poets by the six heroic archetypes, we can find the variability of the poet's style and the form of expression. Modern character projection is played by poets as night watchmen, sailors, clowns and workers, each expressing and displaying dramatic self-images. Finally, with Taiwan Aboriginal poets as the main body, we explore the change and particularity of indigenous poets in their self-image writing. This paper attempts to understand the interactive relationship between the poet and the image and the meaning, and the poet consciously and unconsciously puts himself into the poem. This paper can see the research results from this paper. With the foil and assistance of the image, the poet expresses himself, writes himself and transforms himself, showing the flowing and very representative self-image.