This study aims to explore the relationship between aging, industrial structure, and labor participation rate, taking into account the urban-rural gap, and to benefit government officials to determine the policy of aging, industrial structure, and labor participation rate. The empirical evidence uses the data provided by counties and cities from 1998 to 2019. The statistical data of each county and city examines the relationship between the labor participation of the elderly population in the industrial structure, and takes into account the differences between urban and rural areas. The results found that the industrial structure, the service industry, the elderly population and the labor force participation rate showed a positive relationship with each other.