身心障礙者庇護工場經營績效影響因素之探討

HANDICAPPED SHELTERED WORKSHOPS TO EXPLORE THE FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS PERFORMANCE

劉靜芬(JING-FEN LIU)

指導教授 ： 曾敏傑

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/社會工作學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

就業對身心障礙者而言，具有非常重要的意義，不僅使身心障礙者能賺取合理薪資及獲得工作福利，減少對福利津貼的依賴，亦能從工作提昇一個人的自尊；由設立庇護工場，讓有工作意願但工作能力不足的身心障礙者具有就業機會。目前以就業安置為主的庇護工場，正面臨人力及財務的轉型，如何從庇護工場經營現況中找到其影響經營績效之因素，以讓庇護工場得以永續經營，則更顯重要。本研究旨在探討庇護工場目前經營與服務現況，進而瞭解庇護工場經營績效之影響要素，及未來可能的發展。據此，本研究目的有下列三項：
一、瞭解庇護工場目前經營現況。
二、探討庇護工場經營績效的影響因素。
三、依據研究結果提供政策面、實務面及未來相關研究的建議。
本研究以99年勞委會立案庇護工場之經營者或管理者為研究對象，共發出102份問卷，總計回收66份問卷，經研究結果整理如下：
一、庇護工場的經營現況：庇護工場的設立仍以北部地區最多，承辦單位仍以法人團體為主，整體顯示庇護性就業機會不足，需增加企業設立之誘因；庇護工場已朝向多角化經營，經營項目以餐飲類為主，並以網路為行銷管道。
二、庇護工場經營績效影響因素：從身心障礙員工配置，以6人以下的經營模式具有影響，同時拓展行銷通路才具獲利能力。
三、本研究原運用複迴歸模型探索可以解釋庇護工場獲利的因素，惟並未發現統計上顯著的因素，顯示本土庇護工場經營的特殊性。
依據本研究之結果與討論，提出具體建議為：依不同類型庇護工場，提供專業人力之補助及身心障礙員工的配置；亦增加優良庇護工場之認證與行銷通路。

關鍵字

身心障礙者 ； 庇護工場 ； 經營績效

並列摘要

Employment has very important significance for people with disabilities, not only earning a reasonable salary, obtaining work benefits to reduce dependence on welfare benefits, but also enhance self-esteem from work. The establishment of sheltered workshops offers work opportunities for people with disabilities who are willing to work but abilities are not sufficient. Nowadays, those sheltered workshops which are mainly on employment placement are facing challenges of manpower and financial restructuring. In order to have sustained management, the investigation of factors affecting business performance at sheltered workshops is even more important. This study aimed to explore the present management and service of sheltered workshops, and then try to find factors affecting business performance, and possible future development. There are three purposes of this study:
1.To understand the current operating status of sheltered workshops.
2.To explore factors affecting business performance at sheltered workshops.
3.To offer suggestions at policy adjustments, practical managements and future research according to the study results.
In this study, the objects are operators or managers of sheltered workshops which are supervised by Council of Labor Affairs in 2010. 102 questionnaires were issued, a total of 66 questionnaires were sent back. The results of this study are summarized as follows:
1.The operating status of sheltered workshop: the majority of sheltered workshops are located in Northern Taiwan, and the majority is corporation based. In general, the result shows work opportunities are not sufficient. It is necessary to increase incentives for enterprises to set up sheltered workshops. The sheltered workshops have been toward diverse managements, and the main one is food and beverage operation in addition web-marketing promotion.
2.The factors affecting business performance: Hiring less than 6 employees with disabilities and also have web marketing promotion these two combined factors show possible having business benefit in managements.
3.This study used multiple regression models in statistics to explore possible factors which could explain business benefits. The result showed no significance in statistics, and this could explain special character of managements of sheltered workshops in Taiwan.

Based on results of this study and discussion, recommendations are as follows: first, the government should offer financial support on professional specialists and arrangements of employees with disabilities. Moreover, the government should have certification for good sheltered workshops and help the sheltered workshops have broader marketing promotion.

並列關鍵字

disabled persons ； sheltered workshops ； business performance

參考文獻

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