我國最低工資對勞動市場的影響

The Effects of the Minimum Wage on Taiwan's Labor Market

江艾恩(Ai-En,Chiang)

指導教授 ： 官德星

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/財政學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

由於最低工資涵蓋政治、經濟、社會道德層面而引起諸多的探討，並且涉及勞資雙方對立的權益。再加上，我國對外籍勞工之補充性勞動力需求逐年提高。因此，本研究欲透過比較最低工資政策調整前後對勞動市場租值大小的改變，來分析該制度對我國勞動市場的影響。利用Pissarides(2009)的DMP模型做為理論架構，並將最低工資之變數引入模型中後做比較靜態分析。另外在實證分析上，基於資料來源的限制，以1996年第一季至2006年第四季為研究期間，透過一般化動差法(GMM)估計模型中所有的未知參數。設定1997年第三季為分水嶺，分別對「同時存在本國勞工與外籍勞工」以及「純粹考慮本國勞工」的勞動市場，求算政策變動前後勞動市場租值之大小。兩種情況皆會導致租值消散的現象，而且後者租值消散的情形略為後者嚴重。顯示出在本外籍勞工可相互替代的情形下，我國廠商偏好僱用外籍勞工之結果。

關鍵字

最低工資 ； DMP模型 ； 租值

並列摘要

The minimum wage has political, economic, social and moral dimensions and has caused a lot of discussion. It also involves the opposing interests of the employer and the employee. In addition, the demand for foreign workers in Taiwan is increasing year by year. Therefore, this paper compares the size of rent in labor market before and after the policy was adjusted to analyze the effects of the minimum wage on Taiwan's labor market. We use Pissarides (2009) DMP model as theoretical structure and do the comparative static analysis after introducing the variable of minimum wage into the model. Due to the data limitations, we use the data from 1996 Q1 to 2006 Q4 and utilize Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to estimate the parameters of the DMP model. Setting 1997 Q3 as the dividing point, we compare two cases of labor rent: “domestic and foreign labor market” and “domestic labor market”, before and after the minimum wage was changed. The results are that both two cases lead to rent dissipation, and the latter case has caused larger rent dissipation. The outcome indicates that when the domestic labors and the foreign labors are substitute, firms prefer to hire foreign workers in our country.

並列關鍵字

Minimum wage ； DMP Model ； Rent

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