國際生產地遷移之決定因素-中國大陸台商之驗證

A Study on the Determinants for International Relocation of Production: Evidence from Taiwanese Firms Investing in China

沈靖雲(JING-YUN SHEN)

指導教授 ： 劉祥熹

國立臺北大學/商學院/國際企業研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

國際生產地遷移(international relocation of production)乃指廠商將生產過程遷移至其他國家。近年來，台商在中國面臨了許多投資環境的改變，例如：營運成本的提高、投資限制、紅色供應鏈與進入市場障礙等等，對中國台商而言，中國已成為投資環境較差的地區，而導致台商有遷移甚至撤離中國的傾向。本研究主要研究目的即為探討中國台商進行國際生產地遷移之決定因素。本文採用中國台商為研究案例，期間為2007至2014年，並運用縱橫羅吉斯迴歸模型(panel logit model)獲取實證結果。本文研究結果發現，國際化程度(IE)、相對開放程度(OP)與相對政治穩定度(PS)對廠商進行國際生產地遷移傾向有正面的影響；廠商大小(FZ)、廠商年齡(FA)、廠商獲利力(ROA)、廠商公司治理(CG)、相對勞動成本(LC)、相對公司稅率(TR)及地理-文化距離(GDCD)對廠商進行國際生產地遷移傾向有負面的影響，其結果也顯示國家專屬因素之影響效果大於廠商專屬因素之影響效果。期盼本篇論文之實證結果能給予企業決策者對國際生產地遷移議題提供相關意見之參考。

關鍵字

國際遷移 ； 中國台商 ； 縱橫羅吉斯模型 ； 隨機效果 ； 最小二乘法

並列摘要

International relocation of production can be defined as the move of a manufacturing process from one place to another. Recently, Taiwanese firms investing in China have to face the changes of investment environments in China ranging from higher operating cost of business, such as restrictive investment incentive, social insurance (regulation of five social insurances and one housing fund), red supply chain and obstacles on market access, China has become a tougher place to do business and cause many Taiwanese firms deciding to relocate to other countries even divest from China. The main purpose of this study is to examine and identify determinants of international relocation of production. We adopt Taiwanese firms investing in China as our research example over the period 2007-2014 and apply Panel Logit Model to complete the evidences. The Empirical results indicate that the determinants of international relocation of production, international experience, relative openness and relative political stability have positive effects on international relocation of production. Firm size, firm age, profitability, corporate governance, relative labor cost, relative corporate tax rate and geographical-cultural distance have negative effects on international relocation. Basically, the effects of country-specific factors impacting on international relocation of production for Taiwanese firms investing in China are higher than firm-specific factors. Hopefully, our empirical results may provide decision maker with guidance for making appropriate relocation decisions.

並列關鍵字

International Relocation ； Taiwanese Firms Investing in China ； Panel Logit Model ； Random Effects ； Generalized Least Squares (GLS)

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