台灣廢照明光源處理廠之整體經營績效評估－資料包絡分析法應用

The Performance Evaluation of the Pulverizer of End-of-life fluorescent light in Taiwan - Application of Data Envelopment Analysis

邱俊祥(Chiu, Chun Hsiang)

指導教授 ： 張四立

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/自然資源與環境管理研究所在職專班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

環保署推動廢照明光源回收處理政策後，國內已成立6家廢照明光源處理廠，整體回收處理總量已達59,466公噸；為能提高廢照明光源處理後之成效，環保署自96年起針對廢照明光源處理廠進行「分級補貼」措施，透過「資源回收再利用比例」及「汞回收比例」之高低給予不同等級的補貼費，並期望對處理廠產生擇優汰劣的效果，但實際上各處理廠均能達到分級補貼級距中最高的標準，並獲得最高的補貼費率，且各處理廠平均汞回收比例約在37%~42%，雖高於補貼費率中「汞回收比例」最高標準(35%)，仍有約60%之汞無法於回收處理的過程順利回收。
本研究主要以資料包絡分析法針對國內處理廠進行評估，惟考量漢林公司及明鴻公司分別於100年及101年始正式營運，故評估對象為4間，另採用縱橫資料的方式增加研究樣本數，另初步設定之投入項包括：員工人數及廢照明光源回收處理量；產出項包括：處理廠收入、資源回收再利用物產生量、汞產生量及異常次數。
研究成果顯示，各處理廠受回收處理補貼政策之影響甚深，然面臨政策變動時的因應能力卻不足，故建議針對汞回收技術進行維護與提升，同時掌握各類廢照明光源之螢光粉及汞含量，以有效增加技術效率或追求更好的整體效率，另可增加處理其他廢五金物品，以增加設備利用率。再者，面臨照明光源廢棄量下滑，恐發生劣幣驅逐良幣之現象，故建議應有效管制處理廠總量，以有效維持產業整體效率，同時建議可制定不同的分級補貼及管理制度或處理廠退場機制，藉此提高產業經營成效。

關鍵字

資料包絡分析法 ； 分級補貼費率 ； 廢照明光源 ； 變異數分析

並列摘要

After Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) implemented the policy for recovery processing of waste lighting source, 6 waste lighting source reprocessing plants have been established in Taiwan reaching 59,466 tons total recycling quantity; In order to enhance effectiveness for recovery processing of waste lighting source, EPA has taken the measure of “grading subsidy” to offer subsidy in different grades for waste lighting source reprocessing plants through different level of “resources recycling ratio” and “mercury recycling ratio” since 2007 , expecting to separate the wheat from the chaff for these reprocessing plants. In fact, all plants could achieve the highest standard in grading subsidy range to acquire the highest subsidy rate. Although average mercury recycling ratio in each reprocessing plant is about 37~42% higher than the highest standard (35%) for the subsidy ratio in “mercury recycling ratio”, there’re still 60% mercury cannot be smoothly recovered in the process.
This study mainly adopts Data Envelopment Analysis to evaluate domestic reprocessing plants. Considering Hanlin Company and Mingho Company are newly established in 2011 and 2012, this study evaluates 4 plants and adopts Panel Data to increase sample size. Additionally, input items set initially include number of employees and recycling quantity for waste lighting sources; output items include income of reprocessing plan, reuse quantity generated from resources recovery, mercury generation load and number of abnormities.
The result of study shows subsidy policy deeply influence on each reprocessing plant’s recovery processing, but its coping ability is insufficient when facing fluctuations in policy. The study proposes that maintenance and improvement of mercury recycling technology should be focused and fluorescent powder and mercury content of various lighting sources should be controlled to effectively increase technical efficiency or pursue better overall efficiency. On the other hand, disposal of other scrap metal can be added to increase equipment utilization percentage. Besides, decline in waste lighting sources quantity may cause that bad money drives good money. The study’s suggestion is that effectively control total number of reprocessing plants to maintain overall efficiency in the industry, and formulate different level of subsidy and management system or withdraw mechanism for reprocessing plants for improvement of business performance in this industry.

並列關鍵字

Data Envelopment Analysis ； grading subsidy ratio ； waste lighting sources ； ANOVA

參考文獻

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