銀髮族休閒參與與社區休閒環境支持之研究-以雲林縣樂齡學習中心為例

The Research on the Relationship between Elderly's Leisure Participation and Leisure Environmental Support-Case Study on Active Aging Learning Centers of Yunlin County

施譯凱(Yi-kai Shih)

指導教授 ： 王文瑛

國立虎尾科技大學/文理學院/休閒遊憩研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2012.00080

摘要

高齡化社會已成為世界普遍現象，高齡銀髮族將成為社會舉足輕重的族群，如何以正向的態度積極面對老化，成為值得思考關注的議題因此，應更需要去了解銀髮族對休閒參與、社區休閒環境支持，以建構優質的休閒環境，以提高老人的休閒參與，為促進活躍老化之關鍵，應是一值得探討的議題。
本研究鎖定九處雲林縣樂齡學習中心從事參與之的銀髮族為研究對象，採便利取樣方式，以面訪方式進行問卷調查。在回收的196份有效問卷中分析發現：參與樂齡學習中心以女性居多，年齡介於65-69歲最多，退休前職業以從事農業為最多，平均每月可運用金額大多以30,000元以下居多。在休閒參與方面，對於「健康與體能類」與「社交活動類」之參與程度較高，變異數分析結果顯示，背景資料性別、年齡、教育程度、居住情形、現在或退休前之職業、婚姻狀況、是否有兒女、每月可用零用金、健康狀況、居住鄉鎮以及樂齡學習資源中心對銀髮族休閒參與具顯著差異；在休閒環境方面，透過因素分析將銀髮族的休閒環境縮減為七個因素構面，分別為：「活動性」、「學習性」、「互動性」、「意識性」、「友善性」、「互助性」、「健康性」七項因素。經變異數分析結果顯示，背景變項「年齡」、「教育程度」、「居住情況」、「職業」及「居住區域」等對休閒環境具顯著差異。休閒參與因素中對休閒環境支持程度之關係，在休閒參與因素中，則僅有社交活動類呈現顯著影響，其他因素對休閒環境支持則無顯著影響，社交活動類的休閒參與與休閒環境支持的相關程度為「低度相關」。
研究建議，雲林縣有農業首都之稱，多數的銀髮族都以從事農業為主，但對休閒概念的體認薄弱，要獲得休閒相關資訊的管道是比起其他職業是較封閉，相關政府規劃單位能重視鄉村銀髮族的休閒環境的提供與休閒教育機會，以幫助銀髮族走出家裡到戶外參與休閒活動。而透過社區提供休閒環境是更能關注到在地社區內較為弱勢的銀髮族的需求，以建立一個能在地老化的環境。

關鍵字

銀髮族 ； 休閒參與 ； 休閒環境

並列摘要

Aging society has become a universal phenomenon around the world; seniors will play an important role in the future. How to face “the aging” with a positive attitude becomes a significant issue. Therefore, we should pay more consideration for seniors, to understand their leisure activities participation and the support of community leisure environment. To build good-quality leisure environment, to improve seniors’ leisure participation is a key point to promote “active aging”. It’s worthy to think deeply and research this issue.
In this study, were investigated using convenient sampling method, and interviews seniors who participate in different 9 “Yunlin County Senior Citizens Learning Centers” to conduct this survey. This questionnaire includes “leisure participation”, “support of leisure environment” and “the background of seniors”.
In the recovery of 196 valid questionnaires analysis, most of the participators in “Senior Citizens Learning Centers” are women, ages between 65-69 years old. Before retirement, to engage in agriculture is the most. Average spent amount mostly less than NTW 30,000 per month. In terms of leisure environment, through the analysis, the seniors' leisure environment reduced to seven dimensions, namely: "active", "learning", "interactive", "consciousness", "friendliness", "mutual aid", and "health".
Community leisure environment and background data by ANOVA (analysis of variance) showed that there are significant differences among the background data on age, educational level, living situation, at present or the occupation before retirement, physical condition, living in where and the “Senior Citizens Learning Centers” for support of community leisure environment. In terms of leisure participation and background variables by ANOVA showed that background data on gender, age, educational level, living situation, current or retired before the occupation, marital status, whether they have children, the petty cash available each month, health status, where to live, as well as “Senior Citizens Learning Centers” for seniors leisure participation with significant differences. Seniors who consider themselves in good conditions have more leisure activities than poor health status in health and fitness, tourism, public services and personal habits. The relationship between the factors of leisure participation and the support degree for leisure environment, only the social activities showing with a significant influence, others had no significant effect on the help from leisure environment. The relevance as the "low correlation” between leisure participation of social activities class and support from leisure environment.
Research proposals, Yunlin County known as the capital of agricultural. Most seniors are engaged in agriculture, but weak understanding on leisure concepts compared to other occupations. It’s more non-opened to obtain the information about leisure channel. The relevant government can pay more attention to rural seniors' leisure environment also to provide educational opportunities to help seniors out of homes to participate in leisure activities outdoors. Through the community provides a leisure environment can get more concerned about the needs of vulnerable seniors, then to establish an environment for aging.

並列關鍵字

seniors ； Leisure Participation ； Leisure Environmental

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