噪音污染調查與控制策略之研究以某環境與可靠度之動力環境實驗室為例

Noise Pollution Survey and Noise Control Strategy Study for A Dynamical Testing Environment and Reliability Laboratory

侯欽哲(Chin-Cke Hou)

指導教授 ： 陳俊勳

國立交通大學/工學院/工學院碩士在職專班產業安全與防災組/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6842/NCTU.2009.00800

摘要

對動力實驗室員工而言，最直接的傷害為噪音環境所引起之聽力損失。本文研究動機為調查及控制策略之研討，以有效解決動力環境實驗室於執行振動實驗時，所產生的噪音污染問題。
研究主要分三個階段，包括問卷調查，以瞭解噪音對實驗室員工的實質影響；其次為工作環境噪音源的頻譜量測與定量分析；最後為檢討可行的控制與改善策略，以保護工作者在振動環境試驗中降低噪音的暴露風險與危害。
經由上述步驟之逐一探討，83位員工的問卷調查結果顯示，動力環境實驗室人員的聽力損失風險較一般高出許多。動力環境實驗室噪音量測結果屬於非穩態的變動噪音類型，其聲壓位準隨不同試驗的執行及時間有大幅的變動，聲壓位準分佈於88dBA~115dBA區間。由此量測數據得知，若員工長期暴露此作業環境中，不採取防護措施與方法將造成嚴重之聽力損失，與問卷調查所得結果相符。因此，進一步所提出各種噪音控制策略，並針對隔音屏障、控制室隔音、功測人員作業位置異動、採用主動式耳罩、隔音屏障與各類耳罩組合等應用，進行降噪值之定量適用性成效探討與驗證，其有效降噪值在2.8 dBA~30.4 dBA區間。以5 dBA減半率標準其降噪5 dBA即聽力傷害減半，故所採取降噪措施皆能降低聽力傷害。
綜合上述之研究，期盼藉由本文之研究成果能作為日後籌建類似新實驗室設計規劃時之參考，並對噪音防治改善方面有所助益，以提供動力環境實驗室作業人員免於噪音污染的危害，防止造成永久性的聽力職業傷害。

關鍵字

噪音污染 ； 噪音頻譜分析 ； 噪音控制策略 ； 主動式耳罩 ； 降噪成效

並列摘要

The hearing loss is the most hazards to the workers of the Dynamical Testing Environment and Reliability Laboratory directly. The purpose and motive of this research is trying to survey the noise pollution due to such vibration testing and finding out the feasibility strategies to control the noise disturbances.
The study of this research is running according to three steps of the procedures. The first one is questionnaire survey to understand the noise impact situations of in-site environment for the lab’s employee. Secondly, the noise spectrum of different noise sources of the working environment and qualification of effective strategies are measured and analyzed by instruments. Finally, evaluation the possible different combination improvements strategies of acoustical barrier, enclosure, position change, passive and active earmuffs which can protect the laborer to reduce the risk and injury of noise due to environmental vibration testing.
The results by the above reasonable study show the 83 laborers who are working for the labs have the higher risk of hearing loss than others by questionnaire. The fluctuating noise at the dynamical testing environment laboratory change along the different experimental location with time. The sound pressure level is measured between 88 and 115 dBA. It will induce the hearing loss seriously if the workers exposure under such environment without any protective measures in advance. Such quantitatively determination matches as the investigative results by questionnaire. Therefore, the study of different noise control strategy and combination of acoustic barrier, enclosure, working position, passive and active noise canceling industrial ear muffs inside the dynamical environment laboratory, it will be evaluated and discussed for their efficiency and effectiveness. The noise reduction is between 2.8 and 30.4 dBA. Halving rate standard of 5 dBA it will obtain hearing injury halving, when noise reduced 5 dBA every time, and therefore takes the noise reduction measure to be able to reduce the hearing injury.
After synthesizing the above research, the author expect the conclusion and recommendation through this study can be helpful to run the similar planning of the new dynamical laboratory in the future and avoid the operating personnel exposure such harmful noise pollution environment and cause the permanent threshold shift occupation damage.

並列關鍵字

Noise Pollution Survey ； Noise spectral analysis ； Noise control strategy ； ANC industial ear muffs ； Noise reduction result

參考文獻

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