燃料電池氫氣進料控制之研究

近幾年來節能減碳意識高漲，綠色能源的研究與發展逐漸成為主流，燃料電池為一乾淨能源，只需供給氫氣及空氣即可發電，且產物為水，對環境不會造成任何汙染，但由於氫氣取得並非容易，因此如何將氫氣以最有效率的方式反應將會是最大的課題。高效率運用氣體方式有兩類，第一類從電池內部構造著手，以提高化學反應效率為主，第二類則是以電池既有之反應效率為準，藉由控制氣體多寡來達到在不同負載時能高效率運用氣體。本論文使用的方式為第二類，運用開關電磁閥開啟氫氣，以定流量流入燃料電池流道內，過量未反應之氫氣將會充滿燃料電池流道，偵測在氫氣耗盡時快速下降的電流，並開啟電磁閥，將氫氣流入流道內至流滿為止。而在電池內部積水造成電流急遽下降時，適當開啟開關電磁閥釋壓並將流道內多餘水分排出。本論文使用ARM晶片做為控制器，並用Microsoft Visual Basic(VB)撰寫人機介面，運用RS-232通訊介面與ARM晶片溝通，將電流及電壓值回傳顯示在電腦上，以利記錄及分析，並使用開關式電磁閥進行氫氣進料控制，以低成本架設系統的方式達到氫氣進氣量減少的目的。

關鍵字

開關式電磁閥； ARM ；質子交換膜燃料電池

並列摘要

In recent years, the concept of energy conservation and carbon reduction is noticed by people. Fuel cell is a clean energy, it only need hydrogen and oxygen to generate energy, and only produce water. However, hydrogen is not easy to obtain, therefore how the hydrogen reaction in the most efficient way would be the most important issue. It has two ways to use hydrogen in efficient way; the first one is change inside of fuel cell to improve the efficiency of chemical reactions, the second one is control the hydrogen to get high efficiency use of hydrogen. This thesis is using the second way, the use of on-off valve to open hydrogen, let constant flow into the fuel cell flow field plate, the excess unreacted hydrogen will be full of the fuel cell flow field plate, to detect the rapid decline current in the hydrogen is exhausted, and open the on-off valve, the hydrogen flow into fuel cell until full of the flow field plate. When the current rapid decline because of fuel cell internal hydrocephalus, open the on-off valve to purge the fuel cell. This thesis use ARM chip as a controller, and use Microsoft Visual Basic(VB) to write the interface between controller and computer, using RS-232 communication interface to communicate with the ARM chip, and display the value of current and voltage on the computer screen, in order to record and analysis.