高齡者電腦應用學習經驗之研究

A Study of The Elders’ Experience Of Learning The Computer Application

陳君豪(Chen, Chunhao)

指導教授 ： 魏惠娟

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討高齡者電腦應用的學習經驗，研究目的為瞭解目前高齡者對於電腦應用的學習動機、學習環境、學習方式、學習困難與學習期望。採用半結構訪談的質性研究方法，以臺南市與嘉義市高齡者為研究對象，選擇五位高齡者進行訪談，並謄錄為逐字稿後進行編碼與主題分析。
本研究結論共六點如下：
一、高齡者學習電腦應用是為了跟上時代、增加親人之間的溝通及豐富晚年生活。
二、電腦應用學習管道多元化，但缺乏以高齡者特性考量的友善學習環境。
三、教師的教學方式應充份考量高齡者的需求而作準備與調整，教師與高齡者的教學過程必需與學員多互動、互相尊重。
四、高齡者學員間存在合作學習，互相提供協助與解決問題，高齡者的學習成效以生活運用情形為標準。
五、高齡者因為對電腦應用的陌生而存在學習焦慮，因記憶力退化而學習緩慢，鍵盤打字是最大的困擾。
六、高齡者電腦應用學習課程的規劃，應參考高齡者的期望，以生活化、實用性為方向，增加學習的動機，降低學習的阻力。

依據上述研究結果，本研究提出以下幾點建議以供參考：
一、對教育政策制定單位的建議
(一)進行課程規準擬定，使課程規劃較為一致性與連貫性。
(二)課程內容設計應該以適應時代變化及生活實用為主。
二、對學習規劃機構的建議
(一)應針對高齡者需求改善學習設備與環境。
(二)開設課程班別時，應將高齡者與年輕族群分班開課。
(三)降低班級師生比例，增設助教員額。
三、對電腦應用教學者的建議
(一)教學者應具備高齡教育專業素養。
(二)尊重高齡者生活經驗，降低教學速度並提供重複操作練習的時間。
(三)提供詳細講義或資訊供高齡者複習自學。
四、對高齡者的建議
(一)高齡者應參與學習，克服焦慮與困難。
(二)善用資訊產品與網路促使生活便利，增加訊息溝通的管道。
(三)學習電腦應用避免跟不上時代，並使晚年生活更加精采。
五、對資訊科技產品研發者建議
(一)開拓未來高齡化社會的潛在市場。
(二)以高齡者需求為考量，設計適用於高齡者的資訊科技產品。

關鍵字

高齡者 ； 電腦應用 ； 資訊科技 ； 學習經驗

並列摘要

This study was intended to discuss the elders’ experience of learning the computer application. The purpose was to understand the elders’ learning motivation, environment, style, difficulties and expectation for learning the computer application. Semi-structured interview, one of the methods of qualitative study, was conducted. Subjects of five elders were selected from the elders in Tainan City and Chiayi City. The contents of interview were tape-recorded, transcribed, coded and analyzed. The results of this study are as follows:
1. The elders learn the computer application in order to keep up with the times, enhance communication with their family and enrich the late part of their lives.
2. There are multiple access to learning, but the learning environment is not friendly enough to take the elders’ characteristics into consideration.
3. Instructors don’t prepare lessons and adjust their teaching methods according to the elders’ learning needs. More interaction and mutual respect between instructors and learners are required during the process of instructing the elders.
4. The elders learn by cooperating with each other and helping each other solve the problems. The elders’ learning effects are evaluated by observing if they can apply what they have learned to daily lives.
5. The elders encounter anxiety for learning due to unfamiliarity with the computer application and learn slowly due to worse memory. Typing on the keyboard is what bothers them most.
6. The design of the elders’ computer application courses should take their expectation into consideration. Making the courses practical may enhance learning motivation and reduce obstacles to learning.

According to the results stated above, the following suggestions are proposed for reference by this study：
1. Suggestions for the department in charge of instituting educational policy:
1-1 The course should be standardized to make the course design more coherent.
1-2 The teaching materials should keep up with the times and be highly practical.
2. Suggestions for institutions of instruction planning:
2-1 The institutions should improve learning facilities and environment to meet the elders’ demands.
2-2 The institutions should provide specific classes for the elders.
2-3 Numbers of learners in each class should be reduced and more assistant instructors should be available to help the elders learn.
3. Suggestions for instructors of the computer application:
3-1 The instructors should be equipped with expertise on elders’ education.
3-2 The instructors should consider the elders’ life experience, teach at lower speed and offer time for repeated drill and practice.
3-3 The instructors should provide detailed handouts or information for the elders to review or learn on their own.
4. Suggestions for the elders:
4-1 The elders should take part in learning as well as try to overcome anxiety and difficulties.
4-2 The elders should make good use of the information products and the internet to facilitate life and gain more access to information communication.
4-3 The elders should learn the computer application to keep up with the times and enrich the late part of their lives.
5. Suggestions for the researchers and producers of the information technology products:
5-1 The potential market of the upcoming aging population society should be developed.
5-2 The information technology products suitable for the elders should be designed to meet the elders’ demands.

並列關鍵字

the elder ； computer application ； the information technology ； learning experience

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