轉換型領導的後果分析-領導者特質和員工特質之調節分析

An Effect of Transformational Leadership: The Moderating Analysis of The Characteristics of Leaders and Members.

呂思齊(Su-Chi Lu)

指導教授 ： 林鉦棽

國立屏東科技大學/管理學院/企業管理系所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2009.00108

摘要

過去在轉換型領導（以下簡稱TFL）的研究領域中，研究者一直著重在TFL的正向影響和由領導者的角度來看TFL在領導者與員工間的關係。Conger（1990）就指出領導者可能是為了自身的利益而展現出TFL的行為特質。所以本研究由員工的觀點來看TFL和員工展現對組織的組織公民行為（以下簡稱OCBO）、對個人的組織公民行為（以下簡稱OCBI）、好感及整體績效間的可能關係。其中加入了歸因理論當做兩者間的中介變數，員工觀察領導者的行為並藉由歸因的過程來判斷行為背後的動機，以及這些歸因的結果是否會影響到員工的產出。此外，本研究還加入了調節變數：政治技能、自我效能和核心自我評量，分析領導者的政治技能和自我效能在TFL和歸因間的調節效果以及員工的核心自我評價在歸因和OCBO、OCBI、好感及整體績效的調節效果。本研究以發放問卷的方式來測試本研究的假設，以高雄地區的報關行為研究對象，為避免共同方法變異，問卷採用一組三份的問卷，一組有效的問卷包含一份領導者自評、一份員工自評和一份領導者評員工的問卷。經過SPSS16.0的分析後結果如下：在中介效果方面：1. 利他歸因在TFL與整體績效和OCBO上有中介效果；2. 印象管理歸因在TFL與OCBO、OCBI和好感具正向的中介效果，此與研究假設相反；在調節效果方面：1. 政治技能和自我效能會調節TFL和印象管理歸因的關係；2. 核心自我評量會調節下列的關係：（1）組織關懷歸因和整體績效與OCBO；（2）印象管理歸因與OCBO、OCBI和好感。依據研究發現，提出相關討論、研究限制與對後續研究的建議。

關鍵字

轉換型領導 ； 組織公民行為 ； 歸因理論 ； 政治行為 ； 自我效能 ； 核心自我評價

並列摘要

In the past, researchers and scholars who in the transformational leadership (TFL) domain were used leaders’ view to investigate the positive effect of TFL on relationship between leaders and members. Conger (1990) pointed out that leaders might exhibt TFL for their self- benefit. This paper uses members’ view to investigate the relationship between TFL, organizational citizenship behavior for organization (OCBO), organizational citizenship behavior for individual (OCBI), liking, and overall performance. Besides, we use attribution as the mediator in the above relationships. When members observed the leaders’ behaviors that they will attribute these behaviors and judge their intends behind these behaviors. We use political skill, self-efficacy and core self-evaluation (CSE) to investigate moderating effect of political skill and self-efficacy between the TFL and attribute, the moderating effect of CSE between the attribute and OCBO, OCBI, liking, and overall performance. We use questionnaire to examine hypothesizes. To avoid common method variance, the questionnaire divides into three parts. One for leader-self report, one for member-self report, the last part is for leaders evaluate the members behavior. We ask for custom brokers in Kaohisung to answer them. Then, use regression in SPSS16.0 to analyze these data. Result revealed: 1. Altruistic attribution mediating the relationship between TFL, overall performance and OCBO. 2. Impression management attribution have positive mediating effect on relationship between TFL, OCBO, OCBI and liking, that is opposite to our hypothesizes. 3. Political skill and self-efficacy moderating the relationship between TFL and impression management attribution. 4. CSE moderating this relationship: (1) organizational care attribution and overall performance, (2) impressions management attribution, OCBO, OCBI and liking. Based on our findings, some limitations, implications, and directions for future research are discussed as well.

並列關鍵字

transformational leadership ； organizational citizenship behavior ； attribution theory ； political skill ； self-efficacy ； core self-evaluation

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