以溶膠-凝膠法製備錳、鎳共摻雜之氧化鋅及其特性研究

隨著工業與科技業的蓬勃發展，環境的汙染程度也相對提高。隨著環保議題增加，環境的保護漸漸地受到重視，因此光催化技術也逐漸被廣泛應用。氧化鋅為一種寬帶隙N型半導體材料，能吸收紫外光，是一種光催化劑，具有價格較便宜、高化學穩定性及不具毒性等優點，被廣泛應用於太陽能電池及光催化技術等領域。本實驗利用三嵌段兩性共聚物(F127)作為界面活性劑、六水硝酸鋅為前驅物，以溶膠-凝膠法製備錳、鎳共摻雜氧化鋅，經煆燒後取得其奈米粉末。以熱重分析(TGA)、傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜(FTIR)、X-ray繞射分析(XRD)、掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)、穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)及光催化活性分析(Photocatalytic)，探討氧化鋅粉末之材料特性、表面結構、晶粒大小及光催化效率。經由實驗分析結果，本實驗所製備出的材料皆為六方纖鋅礦結構，晶粒尺寸約24~41 nm，錳和鎳的摻雜對於氧化鋅的粒徑並沒有太大的改變。隨著溫度的升高，粒子間的團聚變得更加嚴重，卻可以改善表面孔洞的形成。光催化活性測試分析結果以純氧化鋅及摻雜錳之氧化鋅在照射紫外光90分鐘後的降解效率最佳，效率高達99%，另外發現有摻雜鎳之氧化鋅的降解效果會顯得較差。

關鍵字

氧化鋅；溶膠-凝膠法；光觸媒；奈米材料

並列摘要

With the vigorous development of industry and technology, the degree of environmental pollution has also increased. As environmental issues increase, environmental protection is gradually gaining attention, so photocatalytic technology is gradually being widely used. Zinc oxide is a wide-bandgap N-type semiconductor material that absorbs ultraviolet light. It is a kind of photocatalyst. It has the advantages of cheaper price, high chemical stability and no toxicity. It is widely used in solar cells and photocatalysis technology. In this experiment, triblock amphoteric copolymer (F127) was used as a surfactant and zinc nitrate hexahydrate was used as a precursor. Manganese and nickel co-doped zinc oxide were prepared by sol-gel method, and the nano-powder was obtained after calcination. Material properties, surface structure, grain size and photocatalytic efficiency of zinc oxide Powders were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photocatalytic activity analysis. The experimental analysis results reveal that the materials prepared in this study are all hexagonal wurtzite structure, the grain size is about 24~41 nm, and the doping of manganese and nickel does not change much for the particle size of zinc oxide. As the temperature increases, the agglomeration between the particles becomes more serious, but the formation of surface pores can be improved. Photocatalytic activity test results showed that the pure zinc oxide and manganese-doped zinc oxide had the best degradation efficiency after 90 minutes of ultraviolet light irradiation, and the efficiency was as high as 99%. In addition, the degradation effect of nickel-doped zinc oxide was found to be poor.