消費者購屋意願與房價所得比、貸款利率及不動產稅制之關聯性研究~以臺中市為例

A Study of the Relationships Among Consumers' Purchase Intention and House Price Income Ratio and Mortgage Rates and Real Estate Tax ~Taking Taichung City as an Example

蔡玲美(Ling-Mei Tsai)

指導教授 ： 周素娥

國立臺中科技大學/商學院/企業管理系碩士班/碩士(2018年)

摘要

國人大都將擁有住房與家劃上等號，因此，傾畢生之力揹負重重的殼，而忽略生活的品質。房屋市場的發展確實有助於經濟成長，但臺灣長期處於低薪的情況下，將大多所得用於支付房貸而犧牲生活品質及育樂是否值得？根據一項調查，臺中市民購置住宅後所須減少的日常生活支出達38.8%、休閒娛樂22.2%，也就是成為標準的屋奴。
臺灣家庭持有房屋率近70%，其中12.7萬人持有四戶以上房屋，194萬戶中低所得家庭屬無殼蝸牛，房屋市場呈現貧富不均(2016.11.27，自由時報)。內政部營建署發布106年度第3季「房價負擔能力指標統計成果」，指出本季全國房價負擔能力維持於略低等級，全國房價所得比為9.22倍，臺中市等11個縣（市）房價負擔能力屬略低等級，而臺中市民期望的房價所得比眾數是7.00-7.99倍，與調查數據差距達1.23-2.22倍，對於臺中市民而言，擁房的痛苦指數仍高。
央行於2016年3月解除信用管制，銀行競相推出寬限期、長年期的房貸專案，吸引買氣。但將在2019年至2020年進入還本階段的高峰期，屋主面臨償貸資金壓力大增，屆時法拍屋增加，勢必衝擊經濟成長，低利環境確實有助於不動產市場的發展，但也能造成「次級房貸風暴」效應，該項政策的運用如刀之兩刃，政府不可不慎。住宅市場的發展，確實可以帶動營建及家具等相關產業發展，對經濟成長有加分效用，但政府在政策上採取引導購屋及租屋市場的均衡發展是長期且必要的重大工程。

關鍵字

房價所得比 ； 貸款利率 ； 房地合一課稅 ； 財產稅

並列摘要

Most Taiwanese think that to gain housing ownership equals to have a sweet home. The life-giving forces carry heavy shell and ignore the quality of life. The development of the housing market has contributed to economic growth. Long-term low salary level in Taiwan, make house oweners have to spend their income used to pay for mortgages and to sacrifice the quality of life. According to a survey, residents in Taichung City have to reduce their daily expenses by 38.8% and daily recreation by 22.2% after purchasing a house, which means they become slaves of the houses.
Taiwan’s housing ownership nearly by 70%. 127,000 people hold four or more houses but 1.94 million people low income families are haven't housing ownership. This that shows housing market is disproportion. (2016.11.27, Free Times) The Ministry of Interior’s Construction and Development Department released the 「Statistical Results for Housing Price Capability Indicators」for the third quarter of 2016, pointing out that the country’s housing affordability remained at a slightly lower level at this quarter, with a national housing income ratio of 9.22 times. Affordability is slightly lower, and the expected that house price and income ratio in Taichung City are 7.00-7.99 times higher than the national mode, which is more than 1.23-2.22 times the survey data. On the other hand, housing affordability in Taichung are 7.00-7.99, which is much lower than the national mode. For Taichung citizens, the pain index of private housing is high.
The central bank lifted its credit control in March 2016, and the banks competed to launch a grace period or long-term mortgage loan program to attract investment interest. However, from 2019 to 2020, during the peak period of this repayment phase, houseowners face increasing pressure to repay loan. When the number of foreclosures increases, it will inevitably affect economic growth. The low-mortgage-rates environment will indeed contribute to the development of the real estate market, but it can also cause the “subprime mortgage loan storm” effect. The use of this policy is like a knife. Taiwanese government must be cautious. The development of the residential market can indeed lead to the development of related industries such as construction and furniture, and it can increase the effectiveness of economic growth. Rcently, the government's policy tends to guide the balanced development of the housing ownership and rental market. It seems to be a long-term and necessary major project.

並列關鍵字

Housing-income Ratio ； Mortgage Rates ； Real Estate Tax Integration ； Property Taxs

參考文獻

一、中文

李佳霖、謝文真(2016)，臺灣家庭擁屋決定因素分析：性別和地區差異，住宅學報，第二十六卷第一期，31-53。

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