工作壓力、休閒調適策略及身心健康關係之研究—以保安警察第五總隊員警為例

Examining the Relationships among Work Stress,Leisure Coping Strategy, and Physical and Mental Health for the Fifth Special Police Corps

莊金鑨(Chin-Lung Chuang)

指導教授 ： 陳岳陽 ； 蔡明智

義守大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

近年來警察申請退休人數大增，也導致基層警力出現嚴重缺口。一般認為，近年警察申請退休激增的重要成因即是警察人員工作壓力過大，因此，瞭解警察人員工作壓力對身心健康影響之相關性有其研究的價值。
本研究以內政部警政署保安警察第五總隊（以下簡稱保五總隊）編制內警察人員為例，採隨機方式進行抽樣問卷調查，並以「工作壓力量表」、「休調適策略量表」及「身心健康量表」作為研究探討，共發放問卷300份，回收292份，有效問卷回收率達97.33%，所得資料使用SPSS進行描述統計分析，最後獲得以下結論：(一)工作壓力對休閒調適策略有正向影響；(二)工作壓力對身心健康有負向影響：(三)休閒調適策略對身心健康有正向影響，其警察人員職務等階較低，工作屬性為外勤或不是主管職務，工作屬較勞力性質，壓力感受度較大，工作壓力能預測健康狀況，即工作量愈大，其生理層面健康狀況愈差，其次為心理層面健康狀況，顯示職務愈低勞力工作壓力愈大時，其身體健康狀況愈差，而工壓力可透過休閒調適以維身心健康。
根據上述研究結論對研究單位員警提出以下建議：(一)建立正確的休閒觀念；(二)加強心理輔導機制；(三)推動警愛民、民愛警的行動；(四)鼓勵員警進修。

關鍵字

警察 ； 工作壓力 ； 休閒調適策略 ； 身心健康

並列摘要

In recent years, the drastically increased number of police applying for retirement has caused a serious gap. Generally, the main reason points out to work stress. Thus, to understand the correlation between work stress and physical and mental health has the value of research.
The thesis takes members in The Fifth Special Police Corps (hereinafter referred to as The Fifth Corps) for example, and are randomly conducted survey sampling. "Job stress scale", "Leisure coping strategy scale" and "health scale" are the major measures for the research. 292 valid questionnaires out of 300 were collected (effective response rate 97.33%), the data will be organized via SPSS statistical analysis, below are the following conclusions:
1. Work stress has a positive impact on leisure coping strategy.
2. Work stress has a negative impact on physical and mental health.
3. Leisure coping strategy has a positive impact on physical and mental health.
The lower position one is, no matter in the field or non-executive position, both are partial to labor, the greater stress one feels. Work stress is able to predict health conditions; in other words, greater workload means worse physical health, following mental health. It turns that leisure coping can deal with work stress and maintain physical and mental health.
The followings are recommendations for the police based on the results:
1. Build correct concept of leisure time.
2. Strengthen psychological counseling mechanism.
3. Advocate “mutual support and expect between police and people”.
4. Encourage further education .

並列關鍵字

police ； work stress ； leisure coping strategy ； physical health

參考文獻

許義忠、余緒德，(2005)。休閒、壓力與調適研究－以中華航空女性空服員為例，戶外遊憩研究，18(2)，1-24。

陳思倫、歐聖榮、林連聰(1997)。酒精濫用之問題。台北：中華民國醫學會出版。

Beehr, T.A. & Newman, J.E.(1978). Tob stress, employee helth, and organization effectireness: A facts analysis, model and literature review, Personal Psychology, 31, 665-669.

Coleman, D., & Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1993). Leisure and health: the role of social support and self-determination. Journal of Leisure Research, 25, 111-128.

Coleman, D. (1993). Leisure based social support,leisure dispositionsand health. Journal of Leisure Research, 25(4), 350-361.