由職業安全管理模式探討國軍生產工廠職業災害處置與改善措施之研究

國軍生產工廠是國軍武器裝備產出重要單位，在軍品研發、生產與製造方面承擔滿足國軍戰備需求的重任，此外，除了肩負重大軍事之生產目的，更為國人經常關注之焦點，然而長久以來，儘管實施各類勤前教育與安全宣導，加強各生產機具之保養與維護，卻難免不時發生或大或小的工安意外，在過去二十年之中，發生重大職業災害事件就有三起，不僅直接造成人員傷亡及財物損失外，更進而影響了國軍形象與國人對其之信心。從2014年7月3日開始施行的「職業安全衛生法」，其保障對象涵蓋各行各業自營工作者、受僱勞工及其他受工作場所負責人指揮(監督)從事勞動之人，「職業安全衛生管理辦法」更將「國防事業生產機構」明訂為具顯著風險之第一類事業單位，因此國軍生產工廠除了要貫徹職業安全衛生法令外，更應該強化其安全衛生管理與措施，與提升各級安全衛生知識與智能。本研究係透過國內外職業安全管理系統所使用之管理模式P（Plan規劃）、D(Do執行）、C（Check查核）與A（Action改善）的管理循環機制，探討國軍生產工廠自2011年發生6死2傷重大職業災害迄今，針對「風險管理」、「教育訓練」、「作業程序」、「作業紀律」、「緊急應變」、「安全防護」及「管理制度」等各項管理作為精進措施與執行現況，檢視其有效性，並提出相關建議及持續改善的方法，以確保永續發展。

關鍵字

職業安全衛生管理系統；職業災害；風險評估

並列摘要

The arsenals is an important unit of the national army 's weapons and equipment output. It has the important task of satisfying the military's combat equipment needs in military product research and development, production and manufacturing. In addition, in addition to shouldering the major military production purposes, it is the focus of frequent attention for the people. For a long time, despite implemented all kinds of education and safety propaganda, and enhanced the maintenance of all kinds of production equipment, still happening a big or small work safety accident. In the past two decades, three major occupational disasters occurred, which not only directly caused casualties and property losses, but also affected the image of the national army and the confidence of the people. The Occupational Safety and Health Law, which came into effect on July 3, 2014, covers the self-employed workers, employed laborers and other persons in charge of the workplace (supervised) who work in the workplace. The “Safety and Health Management Measures” has clearly designated “National Defense Production Organizations” as the first category of institutions with significant risks. Therefore, in addition to implementing the occupational safety and health regulations, the arsenals should strengthen its safety and health management and measures. And improve safety and health knowledge and intelligence at all levels. This research is based on the management cycle mechanism of P (Plan Planning), D (Do Execution), C (Check Check) and A (Action Improvement) used by occupational safety management systems at home and abroad. Exploring the production of the arsenals since 2011, 6 deaths and 2 injuries, major occupational disasters so far, management of "risk management", "educational training", "operational procedures", "operational discipline", "emergency response", "security protection" and "management system" As a measure of progress and implementation, review its effectiveness and make recommendations and continuous improvement to ensure sustainable development.