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  • 學位論文

大專校院產學合作知識轉換能力組合、知識分享、知識創造與創新績效之相關研究

Industry-University Collaboration in Knowledge Conversion, Knowledge Sharing, Knowledge Creation and Innovation Performance

指導教授 : 簡君倫
共同指導教授 : 蔡明智(Ming-Chi Tsai)

摘要


近年來,全球各教育機構開始注重產學合作,期望透過學術界先導性與實用性技術研究實際落實,鼓勵產業界積極參與學術界的應用研究。而大學校院因為擁有豐沛的研究能量及人才,促進具研究潛力之大學,透過產學合作機制能實際產出經濟效益,且進行關鍵技術研發,進而帶動我國產業升級且促進經濟發展為執行產學合作。綜觀現今大學產學合作的議題,教師乃是整個合作過程中最基本且最重要的核心角色,因此,大學裡擁有專業產學合作經驗之教師的知識轉換能力組合、知識分享、知識創造以及創新績效,成為影響產學合作的重要因素之一。   本研究以Nonaka等學者所提出的知識螺旋理論(Nonaka, 1991, 1994 ; Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995)以及黃家齊、王思峰(2008)的知識轉換能力組合為理論基礎,探討大專校院產學合作計畫主持人的知識轉換能力組合對知識分享、知識創造以及創新績效的影響。知識螺旋理論(Nonaka, 1991, 1994 ; Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995)將知識分為內隱知識與外顯知識,並將知識轉換分為四種類型,分別為:社會化(Socialization)、外部化(Externalization)、組合化(Combination)及內部化(Internalization),簡稱SECI。而知識轉換能力組合分為水準、完整性、重複性以及異質性(Level, Completeness, Redundancy, Heterogeneity)。 本研究主要探討台灣大專校院產學合作計畫主持人之知識轉換能力組合、知識分享、知識創造與創新績效的影響。由於人力、物力及時間上的限制,因此本研究僅以南區育成聯盟夥伴學校之產學合作計畫主持人做為研究的對象。研究範圍以台灣南區育成產學聯盟10所大學為母體,以滾雪球方式發放500份問卷,總計回收166份問卷,問卷填答率為33.2%。其中共有29份無效問卷,故有效問卷回收共計達137份。研究結果發現,台灣南區大專校院產學合作計畫主持人的知識轉換能力水準、完整性及重複性對於知識分享、知識創造以及創新績效皆帶來顯著的正向影響;而知識轉換能力之異質性與知識分享、知識創造並無顯著影響;與知識創造則呈現顯著的負向影響。此結果說明學界教師若沒有透過社會化、外部化、組合化及內部化的四種類型共同進行知識轉換,對於知識分享與創新績效則無法產生影響,而對於知識創造將呈現負向的影響。也就是說,當學界教師以社會化、外部化、組合化及內部化共同進行知識轉換時,與產學合作廠商的合作交流即能有效地將學界的專業知識與產業界的實務經驗相互融合,促進學術界及產業界的資訊交流及橫向與縱向的整合,並將學術界之研發能力,提供予產業界,作為充分的研發支援,使台灣產業界的發展更多元化,加強創新資源的聯繫,以形成整合系統,達到永續發展之目的,亦能提供產業界及學術界雙方針對知識轉換模式、知識分享、知識創造以及創新績效相關參考與最佳判斷依據。

並列摘要


In recent years, Industry-University Collaboration become a popular topic. The universities and industries started to share their expert knowledge and experiences with each other, and having the Industry-University Collaboration to making the R&D. To make a comprehensive survey of the Industry-University Collaboration, faculty is the heart of the party. Therefore, faculty’s knowledge conversion abilities composition, knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and innovation performance become the most important influence factor of the Industry-University Collaboration. This study use SECI model (Socialization, Externalization, Combination, and Internalization Model), proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), and the knowledge conversion abilities composition model (Level, Completeness, Redundancy and Heterogeneity), proposed by Jia-Chi Huang and Sy-Feng Wang (2008) to evaluate the effect of knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and innovation performance. The main purpose of this study is examining the influences by investigators of Industry-University Collaboration in knowledge conversion abilities composition, knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and innovation performance. Due to the limit of time and material resource, the sample of study encompasses 10 universities in south Taiwan, and use the way of snow ball to surveyed 500 investigators. The total returned valid questionnaires were 166. That represented a return rate of 33.2%. After the rejection of invalid ones, totally we had 137 valid questionnaires. We found the investigators’ level, completeness and redundancy of knowledge conversion abilities composition have positive influence with knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and innovation performance. In addition, the heterogeneity of knowledge conversion abilities composition doesn’t have any influence with knowledge sharing and innovation performance, and have negative influence with knowledge creation. It means if the faculty doesn’t have the SECI abilities to convert the knowledge, it doesn’t have any influence with knowledge sharing and innovation performance, and have negative influence with knowledge creation. The result is when the faculty use SECI abilities to convert the knowledge, the universities and industries will exchange their expert knowledge and experiences. The universities will also offer the R&D abilities to industries for upgrading and developing the industrial.

參考文獻


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