領導行為、工作特性與工作績效關聯性之研究－以中部健身器材產業為例

A Study of the Relationship among Leadership Behavior,Job Characteristic and Job Performance－The Case of Fitness Equipment Industry in Central Taiwan

謝州旺(Choy-wang Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 張純莉

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/企業管理系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

企業經營是一項涉及人員、設備、技術等資產的活動，其中人員更是最具創新的資產。台灣沒有任何經濟資源，卻能夠在國際上佔有一席之地，創造出傲人的經濟成績，其所憑藉的就是人才。企業經營過程中，領導者可能採用一般領導模式，如關懷型或結構型領導，企圖影響員工、增進個人績效；或是採用其他的領導模式，如轉換型或交易型領導，影響員工態度，使其感受到本身的價值，願意對組織效力，進而提昇工作績效。
本研究以台灣中部健身器材產業為例，使用問卷調查蒐集資料，探討領導行為、工作特性與工作績效的關係，總計發放320份問卷，有效回收269份，分別以敘述性統計、獨立樣本t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關分析等統計方法，對研究資料進行假設檢定。本研究獲致以下之研究結果：
一、領導行為構面中，主管之領導行為與工作績效有部份相關。
二、工作特性構面中，工作完整性、技能多樣性、工作重要性、自主性、
以及回饋性與工作績效之間皆具有顯著正相關。
三、個人特徵中，除了年齡與其工作績效具顯著差異之外，其它個人特徵
之性別、婚姻、學歷、年資與職務皆不具顯著差異。
本研究依據上述結論提出建議，提供健身器材產業各級主管選擇適當的領導行為，並據以設計或改善工作內容，進而提昇員工的工作績效。

關鍵字

健身器材產業 ； 工作績效 ； 工作特性 ； 領導行為

並列摘要

Corporate management is an activitiy that involves the management of personnel, equipement, know-how skills, and other assets. Of all the assets of a company, its personnel has the most innovative value. Althought Taiwan did not posses any economic resources, it managed to become a well recognized international entity for its outstanding economic developments in the past decades because of its innovative human resources. In the process of managing a company, a leader may adopt the common style of leadership, such as Consideration leadership or Initiating Structure leadership to 　i　nfluence employees and to increase performance; a leader may also adopt other leadership styles such as Transformational or Transactional leadership to influence employees’ work attitude so they understand the value of their responsibilities, and become more willing to contribute to the organization, thus
increasing job performance.
This study was based on the fitness equipment industry in central Taiwan, and used surveys to collect data to analyzed the relationship among leadership behavior, jobcharacteristics, and job performance. 320 questionnaires were distributed, and 269 completed questionnaires were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample T test, 1-way ANOVA, and correlative analysis. Hypotheses were examined through the data collected, and the following conclusions were made：
1.In the dimensions of leadership behavior have a partial correlation with
Job performance.
2.All the dimensions of job characteristics have significantly positive
correlation with job performance.
3.Except that there was significant difference between age and job
performance,all the dimensions of personal characteristics have no significant difference with job performance. Recommendations provided in this paper were based on the above conclusions for managers in the fitness equipment industry to select the most appropriate leadership behavior, and to design or improve work content to improve employee’s performance.

並列關鍵字

Job performance ； Job characteristics ； Leadership behavior ； Fitness Equipment industry.

參考文獻

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