在台灣東南亞女性新住民的認同歷程探討

在台灣東南亞女性新住民的認同歷程探討本研究從新住民在母國家鄉的生活揭開序幕，從新住民對自己的成長、選擇跨國結婚的理由，及對台灣社會、文化、家庭及身分各個視角去了解其對國家的認同歷程。為探討研究問題，本研究採質性研究的敘事研究策略。研究透過半結構式深度訪談10位女性新住民，得到以下研究結論：一、語言程度及口音影響新住民對台灣的認同。二、台灣的生活條件比母國好，對社會、文化認同帶來的衝擊較低。三、家庭倫理關係對國族認同的影響最大。四、身分認同是一種保障自己權益及確認自己存在的意義。研究結果最大的發現是：新住民在台灣的認同和家庭倫理關係、教育、身份證取得、自我的發展機會及社會歧視之間有密切的連結。本研究結果也顯示出若要再一次做選擇嫁來台灣，女性新住民並不會因為國籍、種族文化認同類型而影響其選擇，受訪者當中有3位不願再嫁來台灣的原因皆因為家庭不和睦及婚姻破裂，研究者認為跨國婚姻的生活適應才是女性新住民在做抉擇時的主要考量因素。研究最後給予的建議分別：一、對女性新住民的建議是更接納自己並拓展社交及提升自我價值。二、對實務工作者的建議是擴大服務範圍，增加服務對象包含來台10年以上的女性新住民並主動給予關懷支持。三、對政府有關單位的建議有提升福利服務輸送的品質：(一)由鄰里長調查鄰里內來台10年以上之女性新住民人口，並回報新住民家庭服務中心，由中心主動提供關懷支持，中央指定主管機關監督指導。(二) 加強新住民家庭服務中心專業人員訓練，及增加實務工作者多元文化的專業觀念及工作的方法。

關鍵字

認同；國族認同；女性新住民；跨國婚姻的生活適應

並列摘要

The Identity Process of Southeast-Asia Female Immigrants in Taiwan by Di-Hsuan Chen This study begins by addressing new residents’ previous lifestyles, which they experienced in their hometowns in their home countries. In addition, it develops an understanding of the process of new residents’ national identity formation based on the various perspectives of personal growth, reasons for having a cross-border marriage, and attitudes towards Taiwanese society, culture, family, and identity. In order to explore the research topic, this study adopts a qualitative narrative research strategy. This study conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews of 10 new female residents in Taiwan and made the following research conclusions: 1. Language proficiency and accent affect identity of new residents in Taiwan; 2. in cases where living conditions in Taiwan are better than those of one’s home country, the shock to social and cultural identity is lower; 3. ethical family relationships have the largest effect on national identity; and 4. identity is a guarantee of one’s own rights and confirms the significance of one’s existence. The most significant finding from these research results is that the identity of new residents in Taiwan is closely related to ethical family relationships, education, identity card, opportunities for personal development, and social discrimination. These research results also show that, if given a second opportunity to choose to marry in Taiwan, the decisions of new female residents would not be affected by nationality or ethnic cultural identity. Among this study’s interviewees, three interviewees said that they would not choose to marry in Taiwan a second time; the reason given by each interviewee was family disharmony and marriage breakdown. The researchers believe that lifestyle adaptation is the principal factor affecting new female residents’ decision to have cross-border marriages. Finally, this study presents the following recommendations: 1. We suggest that new female residents be more self-receptive, expand their social interactions, and improve their self-worth; 2. professionals in this field should expand their service scope, extend their services to include new female residents who have been in Taiwan for longer than 10 years, and actively provide them with care and support; and 3. we suggest that relevant government departments improve the delivery quality of welfare services: (1) neighbourhood surveys should be conducted to determine the population of new female residents who have been in Taiwan for longer than 10 years, and this information should be reported to new resident family service centres, which should actively provide care and support under the supervision and guidance of a centrally designated managerial authority; and (2) the training of specialised personnel and new resident family service centres should be strengthened, and the multicultural professional concepts and work methods of practitioners should be expanded.