解說人員專業能力指標建立之研究

The Indicator Establishment for the Ability of Professional Interpreters

張瑜娟(Yu-Chuan Chang)

指導教授 ： 黃有傑

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/休閒事業管理系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究目的主要在探討解說人員專業能力及各指標之權重，藉以作為未來建構解說人員服務之依據。在界定解說人員專業能力指標部份主要以文獻回顧及專家問卷；並以模糊德爾菲法(Fuzzy Delphi Method) 萃取從政府和學術單位專家意見以篩選評估準則。然後，再利用層級分析程序法(Analytic Hierarchy Process)以求解說人員專業能力指標之權重，進而探討不同專家間之差異。研究結果期能並協助單位提供參考。
第一階段以模糊德爾菲法建構指標，經過兩回合的專家學者篩選，其解說專業能力指標確定題項為33題；第二階段在AHP層級分析法之問卷中就整體而言其問卷結果分析，第一層級指標中以「專業態度」(44.90%)之權重值最高，可得知大多數專家學者認為有好的解說，首先要具備的是專業態度；第二層級在「專業知識」中以「解說教育成效」(10.86%)為最重要；在「導覽技能」中以「解說技巧與能力」(11.12%)為最重要；在「專業態度」中以「專業表現」(27.19%)為最重要，由此可得知在解說過程中，須具備良好的解說技巧能力與專業態度，也能讓遊客不僅參觀展場也得到了啟發育知識。
第三階段實證研究以依3個場域來看，整體權重值以國立自然科學博物館(4.092)的總權重值最高，其次為921地震教育園區(4.090)，第三為國立台灣美術館(3.939)；依其結果可發現921地震教育園區聽導覽解說是以學校團體為居多；國立台灣美術館聽導覽解說是以朋友為居多；國立自然科學博物館是以家人親戚為居多，由此推論依不同的族群聽導覽解說對解說員的專業能力會有不一樣的重要程度。

關鍵字

解說專業能力 ； 階層分析程序法 ； 模糊德爾菲法

並列摘要

The interpreters professional ability indices were mainly collected by literature review, experts questionnaire. Fuzzy Delphi Method was used to extract the experts’ opinion from the government and academic units. Then the weights of the indices were calculated through the use of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).
The proposition of the interpreters professional ability indices will provide the evaluation tool for the interpretation service issues and assist in providing references for units
The first stage of the fuzzy Delphi method to construct indicators, experts and scholars after two rounds of screening, indicators of their ability to explain professional items and 33 questions to determine the problem; the second phase of the AHP level analysis of the questionnaire on the whole the results of its survey the first level indicators to "professional attitude" (44.90%) of the highest weights, that most experts believe may have a good explanation, we must first have a professional attitude; the second level in the "expertise" in to "explain the educational effectiveness" (10.86%) were the most important; in the "navigation skills" in order to "explain the skills and ability" (11.12%) were the most important; in the "professional attitude" with "professional performance" (27.19% ) is the most important, which can be explained that in the process, must have good ability to explain the skills and professional attitude, but also allow visitors to not only visit the exhibition has also been inspired by education knowledge.
The third stage empirical study by three Field of view, the overall weighted value to the National Museum of Natural Science (4.092) of the total weight of the highest value, followed by the 921 Earthquake Museum of Taiwan (4.090), and the third for the National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts (3.939) ; according to their results can be found in 921 Earthquake Museum of Taiwan to listen to guided tours of the schools for the majority group; National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts listening to tour guide is a friend of the majority; the National Museum of Natural Science is a family relative to the majority and, consequently according to different guided tour of the population listen to the narrator''s expertise will have different importance.

並列關鍵字

Fuzzy Delphi Method ； Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) ； Interpreters professional ability

參考文獻

許世璋、陳淑寶(2002)。遊客中心展示館之解說評估-以太魯閣國家公園生態展示館為例。戶外遊憩研究，15(4)，49-73。

蕭靜曠、王老虎(2001)。解說的素養。台北市：行政院農業委員會。

王姿琪(2009)。芝山綠園解說評估之研究-以台北市國小四五六年級學童為例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學，台北市。

王喜青(2002)。國家公園解說員環境教育與環境解說專業發展需求研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立台灣師範大學，台北市。

吳鳳珠（1994）。遊客中心多媒體解說效果評估-以玉山國家公園塔塔家遊客中心例（未出版之碩士論文）。國立台灣大學，台北市。