青少年生活壓力、休閒需求與自覺健康狀況關係之探討

A Study of Relationships among Life Stress, Leisure Needs and Perceived Health Status of Adolescents

許昭雅(Chao-Ya Shu)

指導教授 ： 李素箱 ； 張瑞興

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/休閒事業管理系碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討青少年生活壓力、休閒需求與自覺健康狀況之關係。採問卷調查作為資料搜集工具，以南投縣公立國、高中之99學年度在校學生為研究對象，採立意抽樣方式進行問卷調查。共發出問卷800份，回收扣除無效問卷後得問卷775份，有效回收率達96.9%。所得資料經描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、典型相關與多元逐步回歸進行資料分析後，得結果如下：不同學校類型及父母婚姻狀況的青少年其生活壓力達顯著差異，其中以高中或父母離婚的青少年壓力較大；不同參與休閒類型對休閒需求達顯著差異，其中以參與體能型休閒類型的健康需求最大；不同性別、學校類型、父母婚姻狀況及參與休閒類型等方面顯著影響自覺健康狀況，其中以女生、國中或參與娛樂型休閒類型的青少年自覺健康狀況較佳。另外，青少年的生活壓力對自覺健康狀況以「自我相關」影響最大，其他依序為「家庭生活」與「同儕關係」；青少年休閒需求對自覺健康狀況的影響以「發洩情緒需求」最大，「人際需求」最小。
結論與發現：青少年的生活壓力愈高時，其休閒需求會愈強烈，但自覺健康狀況則會愈差；對於家庭結構不完整的青少年，其生活壓力多數顯著影響自覺健康狀況且呈現負面影響。最後，根據研究結果與發現提出相關建議，以提供家庭、學校與教育推展單位以及未來相關研究之參考。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 生活壓力 ； 休閒需求 ； 自覺健康狀況 ； 家庭結構

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to discuss the related life stress, leisure needs and perceived health status of the adolescent. This study carries out a survey with method of purposive sampling on students who study at public secondary schools for academic year 2010 in Nantou County. A total of 800 questionnaires were issued and 775 valid questionnaires were returned, with the valid return rate of 96.9%. The obtained information was analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent-sample t- test, one-way ANOVA analysis, canonical correlation, and multiple regression; the analysis results are as follows: The life stress of adolescent was significant differences between different school types and parents’ marital status, especially towards the high school students or the adolescent whose parents’ marital status was divorced; the leisure needs of adolescent was significant differences between different types of leisure activities, especially towards the adolescent participated in the fitness leisure activities, whose health desire is much higher than others; the perceived health status of adolescent was significant influence from different genders, school types, parents’ marital status and types of leisure activities, especially towards the girls, junior school students or the adolescent that participated in the recreational activities, whose perceived health status were better than others. In addition, the most significant influence from life stress on adolescent’s perceived health status is self-related issues, followed by family factor and peer relationship; the most significant influence from leisure needs on adolescent’s perceived health status is need of abreaction; the need for interpersonal relationship has the least significant influence.
Conclusions and Findings:The higher level of life stress the adolescent has, the more leisure needs are required, and their perceived health status would getting worse. Most of the adolescents’ life stress from broken families will have negative influence on their perceived health status. Finally, according to the results and the findings, the suggestions were put forward to offer reference materials to the families, schools, educational institutes or any related researches.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； life stress ； leisure needs ； perceived health status ； family structure

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