成就目標導向、情緒耗竭對幸福感之影響性研究： 以職場幽默為干擾變項

A Study on the Relationships among Achievement Goal ,Emotional Exhaustion and Well-being：Workplace Humor as a Moderator

林立婷(Li-Ting Lin)

指導教授 ： 田靜婷

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/保險金融管理系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

近年國際經濟時常動盪不安，例如：金融風暴、歐債事件……等，導致臺灣經濟時常受挫，加上物價膨脹、失業率居高不下，種種原因讓人民生活中的幸福感受越來越少。本研究以此為啟發點深入探討職場中有什麼樣的變數會影響員工幸福感？因此，本研究主要是探討成就目標導向、情緒耗竭對幸福感之影響性研究：以職場幽默為干擾變項。
　　本研究採問卷調查法，研究對象為從事金融行業之人員，研究問卷包含個人基本資料、情緒耗竭、成就目標導向、職場幽默及幸福感。本研究實際發放問卷共400份，有效問卷為317份，有效問卷回收率為79.25%。
　　回收之有效問卷，利用敘述統計分析了解樣本資料在個人背景屬性上之分布情形；以SEM結構方程式驗證成就目標導向、情緒耗竭對幸福感之影響；及以階層迴歸分析檢定職場幽默對於情緒耗竭與幸福感關係之干擾效果。
根據分析結果得出以下三點研究結論：
一、 情緒耗竭受到趨向精熟目標導向、趨向績效目標導向的負向影響；情緒耗竭受到逃避精熟目標導向、逃避績效目標導向的正向影響。
二、 幸福感受到情緒耗竭的負向影響。
三、 職場幽默之攻擊型幽默風格對情緒耗竭與幸福感之負向關係具強化干擾效果。
根據上述結論提出下列研究建議：
一、 個人
　　具有逃避目標特質可透過適當的運動或興趣發展宣洩工作上的壓力及心理的負面情緒；攻擊型幽默風格特質展現幽默之前，三思而後行就能降低與同事間的不愉快。
二、 企業
　　可安排員工進行性向測驗及定期進行幸福感測試；逃避目標特質之員工須較主動關心，適時提供幫助；攻擊型幽默風格特質之員工，則可舉辦講座或者才能培訓班，幽默不再侷限於負面玩笑，也可以是與人分享正向能量 ，或者提供員工旅遊、獎金競賽等刺激員工職場上正面感受，進而增加幸福感。

關鍵字：成就目標導向、情緒耗竭、幸福感、職場幽默

關鍵字

幸福感 ； 情緒耗竭 ； 成就目標導向 ； 職場幽默

並列摘要

In recent years, international financial turbulence like the financial tsunami and the European debt crisis has resulted in an economic downturn for Taiwan. Adding with increasing inflation and high unemployment rates, people’s perception of their well-being in life is worsening. The said phenomenon inspired the researcher to investigate what variables in the workplace would affect employee’s well-being. Therefore, this research aims to study the impact of employee’s achievement goals and emotional exhaustion to their well-being, with workplace humor as a moderator.

This research used questionnaires released only to people working in the financial industry, namely the object of study, using scales including personal information, emotional exhaustion scale, achievement goals scale, workplace humor scale and well-being scale. A total of 400 questionnaires were released and returned, of them 317 were valid, accounting for 79.25% of the effective response rate.

For the valid questionnaires, the descriptive statistics analysis was adopted to understand the distribution of sample data on personal background attributes; the structural equation model to verify the influence achievement goals and emotional exhaustion have on well-being; and the hierarchical regression analysis to examine the interference of how workplace humor is correlated to emotional exhaustion and well-being.

According to the analysis, three conclusions of the search are:
(1) Emotional exhaustion is negatively affected by mastery-approach goals and performance-approach goals, but positively affected by mastery-avoidance goals and performance-avoidance goals.
(2) Emotional exhaustion has a negative effect on well-being.
(3) The aggressive humor of workplace humor will strengthen the interference of its negative relationship between emotional exhaustion and well-being.

According to the conclusions, here are the suggestions of the research:
(1) For individuals
People with avoidance-goal traits can relieve their work pressure and negative emotion through appropriate exercise or hobby development. Those who tend to show aggressive humor can decrease the opportunity to cause discomfort among coworkers by thinking twice before speaking.

(2) For enterprises
Aptitude tests and periodic well-being tests can be arranged for employees. Be proactive to pay attention and provide timely assistance to employees with avoidance goals. For employees with aggressive humor traits, seminars or workshops can be held to transform their humor from negative jokes into positive energy to share with people, while travel activities or bonus contests can stimulate positive feelings in the workplace, thereby increasing their well-being.

Key word: achievement goals, emotional exhaustion, well-being,
workplace humor

並列關鍵字

well-being ； emotional exhaustion ； achievement goals ； workplace humor

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