大眾運輸交通工具之訂位系統觸控式螢幕使用者介面設計

User Interface Design of Touch Screens for Seat Reservation of Mass Transportation System

吳煜盛(Li-Sheng Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳立杰 ； 梁成一

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

動售票機的介面由早期的按鍵式到近幾年，都已更改為觸控式螢幕，操作上使用者只需注意螢幕上的操作內容及回饋資訊，較能夠集中注意力，但觸控式螢幕必須依賴精確的螢幕定位以及快速的回饋訊息，並且有完整的錯誤修復機制，以現有的硬體技術要使觸控式螢幕精確定位及快速反應的系統比較容易克服，而觸控螢幕的操作介面與功能需求則是本研究所要探討的。
本研究分為三階段進行，第一階段為現況調查，以實際觀察及訪談的方式了解產生錯誤的介面問題並紀錄為問卷調查的依據，第二階段以問卷調查的方式分析使用者，在操作過程中最常遭遇的問題所在。結果顯示「按鍵沒有提示聲」、「觸控螢幕感應不良」、「操作錯誤不能回覆上一步驟」、「不能購買特種票」、「購買訂位票時不能指定座位」為操作者在使用上反應出不友善的操作部分。本論文針對「購買訂位票時不能指定座位」這個問題加以探討並發展新的設計介面。第三階段為設計「購買訂位票時不能指定座位」的問題而設計出的兩種「訂位介面」。
調查結果顯示，對號座大眾運輸交通工具應有旅客直接選取的訂位功能，及觸控螢幕應導入觸覺反饋機制。本研究設計的自動售票機第一種訂位介面為「無預覽縮圖之簡易式」，直接由座位配置的畫面點選座位，第二種介面為「有預覽縮圖之階層式」，其階層式的功能提供不同階層的車廂縮圖資訊顯示。測試後發現「無預覽縮圖之簡易式」訂位介面，直接選取座位功能對於使用者有減低思考負擔的效果。「有預覽縮圖之階層式」的訂位介面，提供不同階層的資訊，對於使用者有提升記憶的效果。

關鍵字

大眾運輸交通工具 ； 訂位系統 ； 觸控螢幕 ； 使用者介面

並列摘要

The operation interface of the automatic ticket machine has evolved from the early style of button pressing to the recent touch screen type. In its operation, the user only needs to follow the on-screen instructions and feedback information, which help the user concentrate on using the system. However, the touch screen not only requires precise screen positioning and prompts feedback, but also a complete error correction mechanism. Since the existing hardwares can readily meet the system requirements by the touch screen for precision of positioning and quick response, this study will be emphasized on the study of its operation interface and functional requirements.
This study consists of three stages: the first stage involves a survey of the current situation, which collects information such as various interface problems with the specific errors through field observation and user interview as the database for the questionnaire next stage. The second stage is conducted via questionnaires to analyze the most common issues encountered by the users in their operation. The list of non-user friendly issues include “no audio hint for the button”, “poor sensing of the touch screen”, “unable to return to previous in case of error”, “cannot purchase special ticket”, and “cannot make seat selection in reservation”. This thesis is focused on the study of the issue of “cannot make seat selection in reservation” and aimed to develop a new design for the operation interface. The third stage presents two reservation interfaces that are designed to address the aforementioned issue of “cannot make seat selection in reservation”.
As shown by the survey, the reservation system of a seat-assigning public transportation must be able to allow the passengers to directly select their seats and provide necessary feedback for touch screen. The first type of automatic ticket machine designed in this study is called the “simple type without preview”, which completes seat selection directly on the screen. The second type of interface is called the “hierarchical type with preview”, which as suggested by its name provides display of various levels of information. The test results show that for the simple type without preview reservation interface, only the seat selection function is helpful in saving the user from redundant thinking. The “hierarchical type with preview” reservation interface, on the other hand, is effective in improving user’s memory retention time given its feature of presenting various levels of system information.

並列關鍵字

touch screen ； public transportation system ； interface design ； seat-reservation

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