攝影光源角度與質感的視覺心理探討

Exploring the Visual Perception of Light-Angle and Density in Portrait Photography

黃奕鑫(I-Hsin Huang)

指導教授 ： 秦興和

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

光線是一張影像的本質，要讓照片的主體吸引人除了服裝、化妝之外，光線占了相當大的比例，光線會因為角度與質感的不同帶給觀賞者不一樣的視覺感受。本研究就是要探討什麼樣特性的光線會帶出什麼樣的視覺感受，所以本研究擬出了三種角度光源與兩種不同光源質感作為本研究的主題；15、45、75度三種角度與硬、柔光兩種光源質感做探討。
研究結果顯示光線15度讓臉部的亮暗面反差很大，除了強調五官立體感之外，光線帶給視覺上的強烈個性會掩蓋人物原有的本質，45度臉部光源分佈較為平均，不僅讓五官有立體感還能加強人物原有特質，75度讓臉部的亮部面積較多，能夠忠實呈現人物原本的個性。當硬光與這三個角度搭配時，在畫面的呈現上較容易突顯被拍攝者的原有個性，臉部線條明顯五官立體感強；柔光搭配這三個角度較容易保持被拍攝者的原有特質，臉部線條柔和五官更加精緻。
所以拍攝人像照時，光源的選擇上男性較適合搭配大角度硬光質感，女性則適合大角度的柔光質感。本研究結果找出適合各角度影像所呈現的視覺意象，讓各個攝影相關產業作為打光時的參考依據。

關鍵字

光源角度 ； 視覺心理 ； 攝影

並列摘要

Light is the essential element of an image. To make the subject of the photo attractive, light accounts for a dominant proportion other than clothing and makeup. Light bring the viewers with different visual perception due to the variance in angles and textures. The study aims to analyze what kind of light characteristics will bring the different visual perception. The study hence develops three angles to light source and two different light textures as the theme of the study; namely analyzing the 15, 45 and 75-degree angles and the two textures of hard light and soft lights.
The study results showed that the light with 15-degree angle gave a great contrast to the bright and dark sides of the face. Other than denoting the three dimensional facial features, the strong personality brought by light to the vision cover up the original characteristics of people. The 45-degree angle give a more even distribution of light on the face, which not only emphasizes more on the three dimensional facial features but also highlights the existing characteristics of people. The 75-degree angle offers a larger area of brightness to the face, which faithfully presents the original personality of the people. When the hard light is incorporated with these three angles, the presentation of the image is more likely to highlight the original personality of the person, whereas the facial profile becomes clear and the three dimensional facial features are strengthened. When the soft light is incorporated with the three angles, the original traits of the person shot is more likely to be preserved, whereas the facial profile softens and the facial features become more exquisite. For this reason, the choice of light for male in portrait photography requires large angle and hard-light texture while female requires large angle with soft-light texture.
The study results discovered the visual images that are applicable to the presentation of various angles as the reference for lighting by the different industries related to photograph.

並列關鍵字

Visual Psychology ； Angle to Light Source ； Photography

參考文獻

劉倩雯，LOMO攝影特殊色調之色彩特徵研究，國立交通大學應用藝術研究所碩士論文，2008

李厚強，人工光源之照度及色溫度對視覺感知影響與照明方式調查研究，中原大學室內設計研究所碩士論文，2007

Michael Freeman，The Photographer`s Mind: Creative Thinking for Better Digital Photos，2010，Focal Press，UK

國內論文：

王笙光，LED之色溫與照度對使用者愉悅情感之影響－以餐桌環境為例，長庚大學工業設計研究所碩士論文，2011