Poster for tomorrow 2009年言論自由競賽海報表現手法之探討

網路社群日趨興盛，多數藉由圖像傳達，以達傳播最佳效益，海報是當今創作者可將信手拈來創意，具體呈現的媒介之一，毋須受限太多，以此為出發點，希望透過這個搭載著無限創意的載體，發現其內在蘊涵。此研究所探討的重點，在於瞭解海報是運用那些表現手法，進而順利將抽象概念轉化為具體視覺圖像，藉由傳播符號學、修辭學、認知心理學、互動論和視覺心理學等理論基礎，將其整理成一套系統性的圖像海報思考工具。研究分析第一階段，從Poster for tomorrow官方網站上，蒐集2009年言論自由比賽前100名海報，依序編碼、翻譯、資料整理和製表，後續將海報分為圖像和文字兩大類，由於文字海報樣本數偏少，難以進行分析及比較，最後鎖定探討範圍為圖像類海報；第二階段樣本分析，將89張之圖像構成元素，拆解成主題符號和訊息符號，並分析其表現手法，期間透過相關領域專業教師和同學，一同檢視樣本分類，避免流於主觀；第三階段，歸納海報圖像符號表現手法，透過不斷重新檢視主題符號、訊息符號和圖像表現手法三者之間的關係，將表現手法依思考邏輯分門別類、逐一分析，找出共通手法之操作模式。研究結果發現，主題符號對表現手法的影響不大，主要是透過訊息符號運作，因此本研究將訊息符號視為海報重點，也可以這麼說，創意是透過訊息符號展現，訊息符號所使用的創意方法為海報表現手法，這也說明了創作者並非透過表現手法，來尋找海報創作的創意概念，不是一種套公式的行為模式。預期結果可供海報創作在相關設計方法之參考與應用，以及設計基礎教育或進階教育，想像力與創造力圖像關聯性方面之教學應用。

關鍵字

海報、表現手法、言論自由、圖像符號

並列摘要

There are more and more people using social networking websites and most of them choose images to deliver the message. They believe that using pictures is the best way to send the message. Creators can actually transform their tremendous thoughts and project them on posters substantially. The best part is, even without limitations. Take that as a starting point, they wish to use those full of possibilities information carriers to discover it’s core. The main purpose of this research is to discover what are the tricks of posters so we can actually put those abstract concepts into some real visual images. Through semiotics, rhetoric, cognitive psychology, interaction theory, visual psychology theoretical foundations and organize them as a systemic visual poster guiding tool. First stage of my analysis is collecting top 100 posters of a freedom expression contest from “Poster for tomorrow” official website, and I did coding, translation, data compilation and tabulation. After that, I have defined posters into image and word two categories. Due to lack of word poster samples, also it’s hard to compare and analyze. Therefore, I decided to focus on image posters. Stage 2 is to analyze samples. Disassemble image constituting elements of 89 image posters and categorize them as message symbols and theme symbols. Also analyze how them performed. In case me being subjective, during the whole process of categorizing. I have my professors and classmates with me the entire time. Last stage is to categorize image symbols pressing technique. Through many times of checking and finding among theme symbols, message symbols and image presenting technique. Categorize presenting technique with logical thoughts and analyze, so we find the common method. According to the research, theme symbol doesn’t effect much on presenting technique, what effects the most is from message symbols. Therefore, this research takes message symbols as the key point for posters. On the other hands, creativities are shown through message symbols. The creativity of poster presenting technique all hides in message symbols. Creators don’t find their ideas through presenting technique because it’s never a formula. Expecting results could provide information for poster creations especially in designing as index. Also for designing basis or advanced education, so we can apply this for teaching in imagination and creativity pictorial relationship.