國小低年級母親親職壓力、社會支持與親職韌性之研究

Parenting Stress, Social Support and Parenting Resilience for Mothers of Low Grade Children in the Primary School

顏淑娟(Yen,Shu-Chuan)

指導教授 ： 林璟玲

台南應用科技大學/生活科技學院/生活應用科學研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6821/TUT.2014.00003

摘要

因九年一貫教育的實施，國小低年級學童的母親面臨孩子學習適應問題，不僅對孩子言是一種壓力，更是母親必須面對的親職壓力；然而，每位母親的親職韌性不同，因應孩子問題的策略自然不同。有的母親可以自行調適壓力，有的母親則須透過社會支持的力量，減輕壓力或增強其親職韌性。因此，本研究採問卷調查法，以台南市國小低年級學童母親為研究對象，透過「親職壓力量表」、「社會支持量表」及「親職韌性量表」為研究工具，共發出720份問卷，取得有效問卷692份。研究資料經描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及逐步多元迴歸等統計方法進行分析，主要結果與發現如下:1.母親的親職壓力大致良好。2. 母親知覺較多的社會支持。3. 母親知覺自己有較高的親職韌性。4.母親的家中子女數、就業狀況及家庭月收入等背景變項對部分親職壓力造成顯著差異。5.母親的家中子女數、教育程度、就業狀況、家庭月收入等背景變項對部分社會支持造成顯著差異。6.母親的年齡、教育程度及家庭月收入等背景變項對部分親職韌性造成顯著差異。7.母親的親職壓力與工具性支持有顯著負相關。8.母親的親職壓力與情緒性支持有顯著負相關。9.母親的親職壓力對部分親職韌性向度有顯著預測力。10.母親的社會支持對部分親職韌性向度有顯著預測力。
最後，本研究依據研究結果對母親、學校、政府機關、相關單位及未來研究者提出相關之建議。
關鍵詞:親職壓力、社會支持、親職韌性

關鍵字

親職壓力、社會支持、親職韌性

並列摘要

Abstract
According to Grade 1-9 Curriculum, mothers might have dealt with the academic adaptations of low grade children in the primary school. It is a stress not only for the children, but also for their mothers. However, parenting resilience will make things different while mothers use different strategies to deal with their stress. Some can cope with their own stress, and some need the social support to release stress or empower their parenting resilience. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among parenting stress, social support and parenting resilience for mothers of low grade children in the primary school. The measurement included “Parenting Stress Scale”, “Social Support Scale”, and “Parenting Resilience Scale”. 720 mothers were surveyed, and 692 valid questionnaires were collected. The results were as follows.
1. The results of descriptive analyses indicated that mothers perceived pretty high level of parenting resilience and social support, and sometimes they perceived low level of parenting stress.
2. Regarding the differences among the dimensions of parenting stress based upon mothers’ occupations, family income and the numbers of children, some of the significant differences were found.
3. Regarding the differences among the dimensions of social support based upon mothers’ education, mothers’ occupations, family income and the numbers of children, some of the significant differences were found.
4. Regarding the differences among the dimensions of parenting resilience based upon mothers’ age, mothers’ education and family income, some of the significant differences were found.
5. The correlation showed that parenting stress was negatively related to social support.
6. The regressions indicated that mothers’ parenting stress showed partially significant association with parenting resilience.
7. The regressions indicated that mothers’ social support showed partially significant association with parenting resilience.
Finally, based on the above findings, some suggestions were made for mothers of low grade children in the primary school, related institutions and further studies.
Keywords: primary school, parenting stress, social support, parenting resilience

並列關鍵字

primary school, parenting stress, social support, parenting resilience

參考文獻

黃寶園(2010)。社會支持在壓力反應歷程中的中介紹效果。中華心理衛生學刊，23(3) ，401-436。

葉在庭(2001)。青少年情緒調適、焦慮、社會支持及生活事件與自殺意念的關係。中華輔導學報，10，151-178。

參考文獻

壹、 中文部分

于肖楠、張建新(2005)。韌性-在壓力下復原和成長的心理機制。心理科學進展,13,5,658-665。