國中學生自殺意圖及其相關因素之研究-對台灣地區國中學生樣本的分析

Suicide Ideation / Attempt and Related Factors among the Junior High School Students - A Sample Analysis from Taiwan

黃沛彤(Huang Pei Tong)

指導教授 ： 劉俊昌

亞洲大學/健康學院/健康管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

背景與目的：本研究旨在探討本國國民中學學生的自殺意圖及其相關因素。自殺已成為全球嚴重的社會問題，衛生署98年統計資料顯示，自殺高居青少年十大死因的第二位，死亡率約每十萬人口6.3人。目前有關國民中學學生的研究比較缺乏，故本研究探討其自殺意圖與其相關因素。
研究方法：本研究係以國民健康局「95年國中學生健康行為」調查之資料進行分析。總樣本共4,444人，男、女生分別各佔52.2%及47.5%。本研究將問卷中自殺意念一題之選項分為曾經與不曾想過自殺兩類；自殺企圖一題之選項分為曾經與不曾兩類為依變項，將社會人口學背景、個人、環境、心理等層面之因素作為自變項，進行分析。
研究結果：國中生有自殺意念者，整體為37.4%，女生為58.5%，男生為41.5%；自殺企圖整體為7.6%，女生為10.7%，男生為4.8%。以邏輯斯迴歸分析得知，在其他變項的控制下，女生比男生較可能萌生自殺意念(OR= 2.12 ; 95% CI: 1.79-2.50)及自殺企圖(OR= 2.42；95% CI: 1.78-3.29); 有喝酒者比沒有喝酒者較可能萌生自殺意念(OR= 1.55 ; 95% CI: 1.26-1.93)及自殺企圖(OR= 1.65；95% CI: 1.19-2.30)；曾遭受霸凌者比未遭受霸凌者較可能萌生自殺意念 (OR= 1.50；95% CI: 1.18-1.92)；內心感到孤獨者比內心從未感到孤獨者較可能萌生自殺意念(OR= 2.57 ; 95% CI: 2.09-3.16)及自殺企圖(OR= 1.94 ; 95% CI: 1.23-3.07)。
結論與建議：國中生有自殺意念的比率頗高。女生萌自殺意念與自殺企圖之可能性都比男生高。有喝酒習慣者，被霸凌者與自覺孤獨者是國中生有自殺意念之高危險群。有喝酒者，打架者，逃家者與孤獨者是自殺企圖之高危險群。學校宜落實健康教育，提供有效的監測與輔導機制，並可透過學校教師、心理健康輔導人員與家長間的密切聯繫與合作，共同增進學生的心理健康。

關鍵字

自殺意念 ； 自殺企圖 ； 國中生

並列摘要

Back grounds: Suicide has become a serious social problem in worldwide. According to Department of Health, suicide has been the second cause of death among adolescents, the mortality rate of about 6.3 per 100,000 population in 2009.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the prevalence of suicide behavior (ideation and attempt) and its related factors among junior high school students in Taiwan.
Methods: The data for this analysis is from the ‘Health Behavior Survey of Junior High School Students’ conducted by the Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health. The data were collected from a representative sample of 4444(52.5% males and 47.5% females) students during 2006. Variables for this analysis were selected from questionnaire of the survey. In this study, both of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt were recoded into two categories to as the dependent variables for logistic regression analysis. The independent variables were classified into 4 factor groups including socio-demographic, personal, environmental and psychological factors.
Results: Overall, 37.4% (41.5% males and 58.5% females) of students reported had suicidal ideation in the past. Overall, 7.6% (4.8% males and 10.7% females) of students have attempted suicide one or more times in the last 12 months. Females were more likely to have suicide ideation (OR= 2.12; 95% CI: 1.79-2.50) and attempted suicide (OR= 2.42；95% CI: 1.78-3.29) than males. Students having alcohol drinking behavior were more likely to have suicide ideation (OR= 1.55 ; 95% CI: 1.26-1.93) and attempted suicide (OR= 1.65；95% CI: 1.19-2.30) than those who have not have the behavior. Those who have been bullied were more likely to have suicide ideation(OR= 1.50；95% CI: 1.18-1.92) than have not. Students who have the feeling of loneliness were more likely to have suicide ideation(OR= 2.57 ; 95% CI: 2.09-3.16) and attempted suicide(OR= 1.94 ; 95% CI: 1.23-3.07) than those who have not feeling of loneliness.
Conclusion: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was high among Junior high school students. Females were more likely than males to report having suicide ideation and suicide attempt. Alcohol drinking, been bullied, feeling loneliness were the risk factors for students with suicidal ideation. Alcohol drinking, fighting, feeling loneliness and absence from school without reason were the high -risk behavior for students with suicide attempt. Implementation of periodic monitoring system for suicidal behavior and providing effective guidance programs for students with risk behaviors are recommended for school to prevent suicide behavior of students.

並列關鍵字

suicide ideation ； suicide attempt ； high school students

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