社福型非營利組織執行多元就業開發方案之研究-
以新生活社會福利發展促進會為例

「多元就業開發方案」計畫的目的是建構民間團體與政府部門間促進就業之合作夥伴關係，透過促進地方發展，提升社會福祉之計畫，創造失業者在地就業機會。本研究以社福型非營利組織的發展歷程為主軸，探討它由民間慈善會發展成混合型組織，中間的改變將面臨不同的制度邏輯，並引發組織治理的挑戰，尤其是使命漂移的問題。本篇採用個案研究法，以資源依賴理論分析社團法人中華民國新生活社會福利發展促進會申請多元方案的動機；執行多元方案期間，組織運作機制是否持續增能，進而建構符合社會價值及市場需求之營運模式；多元方案退場後，對申請單位的影響，是否有意轉型。結果，研究發現新生活促進會創立時間較晚，沒有傳統社福型非營利組織的包袱，協會創立即以混合型組織樣貌呈現，以「幼有所長、壯有所用、老有所終」為使命。申請多元方案的動機是回應協會「壯有所用」的使命，培植弱勢來服務弱勢，盈餘回饋用來扶老攜幼；從事收費的社福型非營利組織都必須面對使命漂移的挑戰，但在研究裡面發現新生活促進會是位處偏鄉、社會福利多元面向的服務機構，藉由多元方案不斷地作使命的實踐，讓使命不飄移。使命實踐過程中借力使力，努力建構經營能力來累積自己組織的能量以達成政策之目的，與政府是正向成長的共生相依關係。

關鍵字

社福型非營利組織；多元就業開發方案；混合型組織；使命飄移；資源依賴理論

並列摘要

「The Multi-Employment Promotion Program」bridged a partnership between civil organizations and government departments, whose purposes were to create local employment opportunities for the unemployed through promoting the local development and enforcing social welfare strategies。 The research was built around the development process of social welfare non-profit organizations, discussing when the unit developed from non-government charity to a hybrid organization, which would face changes of different kind of system logic and organizational governance’ challenges especially the mission drift issues. By case study, based on the theory of resource dependence, the research analyzed the following topics as the motivation of The New Life Society applying for The Multi-Employment Promotion Program; during the period of applying the Multi-Employment Promotion Program, would the organization continue to increase its capacity for the organization operation system, further built a model aligning to social value and the market needs; and once the program was retreated, what effects were aroused that caused impact and made the organization consider to transform。 As a result, the research explored that due to The New Life Society was established relatively late, without the burden of traditional social welfare non-profit ones, the organization was founded in the name of hybrid non-profit organization from the beginning. The organization assumes the mission of " Provision is made for the aged till their death, the adults are given employment, and the young enabled to grow up. ", hence starting points of applying for The Multi-Employment Promotion Program were to respond to the organization’s mission of “the adults are given employment” , to aid the weak by fostering the weak, and to use the surplus helping the old and the young. “To serve and to charge” style of Social welfare non-profit organizations would face the challenge of mission drift. However, in the research, it was found that The New Life Society was a service organization located in a remote rural area and was engaged in diversified social welfare items. With The Multi-Employment Promotion Program, the organization faced no mission drift challenge through fully practicing the mission. Within the mission practice, the organization took advantage of the situation and made efforts to enforce the organizational governance capacities in order to accumulate the energy to achieve policy goals. In terms of positive growth, the relationship between the organization and the government is truly interdependent.