1960年代臺灣設計留學生對當代設計界的貢獻與影響探討－留學德國篇

民國八十八年（1999），楊靜（Ching-yang）教授以《我國早期工業設計教育師資及教學成就之探討》為國科會專題研究計畫，探究過去由企業派往日本及德國的設計留學人士，返國後從事設計活動，及外國技術的支援與師資培育計畫，籍此探討臺灣設計教育的發展歷程。鑑於1960年代迄今已逾40 餘載，這批當時的菁英已屆70歲以上高齡，而逐漸從第一線退下，甚至逐漸凋零。本研究試圖延績楊靜教授的議題，以留學海外第一代設計工作者的身分，抱持最後的使命感，將以口述歷史、文獻分析等方式，詮釋這批早期設計界的前輩們，對目前臺灣設計及設計教育界的影響，另輔以第二代設計教育工作者之訪談，查證及肯定他們的成就與貢獻，用以補充臺灣設計教育發展的後半段歷史，提供薪火相傳。本文以國科會《1960年代早期臺灣設計留學生對目前設計界的影響之探討（I）》研究計畫為基礎，繼第一階段（留學日本的設計人士）之後，第二階段以留學德國的郭叔雄、王鍊登、鄭源錦、梁又照、趙國宗、侯平治、曾坤明、馬家湘等8人為對象。除個別闡述其專長特色與成就外，另外從產、官、學界三方面作綜合比較。結果顯示：在產、官、學界的貢獻各有所長，其中以在學術界的貢獻與影響較為普遍，幾乎全員都有在大專院校從事教職（專任）的記錄；有些甚至轉戰十餘校，而多校兼謀者也很普遍，甚至多數人是在擔任教職中退休，顯見作育英才的職志高昂。反觀在產業界的發展方面，早期以任職大企業設計部門為主；少數自營事業者發展不易，或與當時風氣未開有關。另外，在官方的貢獻方面，大體以協助政府機構推動專案為主，也有一些長期擔任經濟部外圍機構（半官方性質）要職者，應只是少數個案而已。

關鍵字

設計教育；口述麼史； 1960年代；留德學生

並列摘要

T In 1999 professor Ching-yang conducted a research project subsidized by the National Science Council titled ”A Study on the Early Industrial Design Educator and Development of Education in Taiwan”. The study investigated the students studying design in Japan and Germany granted by the National Science Council and enterprises in the past half century, inquired their contributions to the promotion of design activities, and analyzed how the early industrial design education of Taiwan was established through the importation of foreign technique and teacher training programs. It has been over forty years since 1960s; The Taiwan design field they developed has been flourishing. However, these design elites in Taiwan are now at the age of 70s and fading away. This study intended to connect the early related research. and hold a fin al mission as the first generation of designer studying overseas by using the method of oral history and qualitative research, to interpret these partners whose outward or inward influences on Taiwan design field and design education. In addition, the study complements the latter history of Taiwan design, and on one hand, it pays a tribute to those students; on the other hand, the next generation can inherit in endless succession. The study was based on the project of ”A study on the influences of the early Taiwan students studying abroad in 1960s on the present Taiwan design (i)” subsidized by the National Science Council. The first stage, with an emphasis on the students graduated from Japan, was succeeded by the second stage focusing on the students graduated from German. The interviewees included design educators Zhao Guozong, Zeng Kunming, Ma Jiaxiang, and Su Mao-sheng; professional designers Hou Pingzhi, Zheng Yuanjin, Liang Youzhao, and Kuo Shushion. Most of them contributed their design profession in the field of education and industry. Only a minority of these frontiers played important roles in the government.