山坡牧草地放牧山羊對水土保持之影響

Effect of Goat Grazing on the Water and Soil Conservation of Slope Land Pasture

鄭鑑鏘(Chann-Chiang Cheng) ； 楊勝平(Hsin-Ping Yang)

《中華水土保持學報》 19卷2期 (1988/11) Pp. 29-37

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.198811_19(2).0003

摘要

本試驗的目的在探求山坡地放牧山羊的載牧力及對水土保持的影響。由將近三年的資料顯示，輕放牧組及重放牧組山羊的平均日增重，分別爲0.050公斤及0.051公斤，載牧力分別爲成羊34.3頭／公頃及51.0頭／公頃。試區經放牧山羊後改變土壤的化學組成，對土壤酸鹼度、有效性磷、鉀影響較大。山坡地輕度放牧山羊所造成的土壤流失量，與不放牧區没有顯著的差異，但與強度放牧區有差異，由觀測三年資料，降雨量分別爲1061.0、890.8丶1409.9公厘，三年間重放牧產生的土壤流失量分別爲1686、932、1269公斤／公頃，土壤冲蝕情況並不很嚴重。吾人建議在牧草覆蓋良好的牧地，每公頃控制山羊放牧的頭數（成羊）在51頭之內，應不致於發生嚴重的土壤冲蝕。

關鍵字

牧草地 ； 放牧 ； 山羊 ； 水土保持

並列摘要

This experiment is to study the carrying capacity of slope land pasture for goats and the effect of goat grazing on the water and soil erosion of slope land. Three years results showed that the daily average gain of goats in light and heavy grazing group were 0.050 kg and 0.051 kg respectively, and the carrying capacity were 34.3 and 51.0 goat unit/ha respectively. The chemical composition of the soil of the plots after grazing was affected. Greater effects were on the pH value and available P. and K. The soil loss of the plots caused by light grazing was no different from the control plots (no grazing), but significant difference was found from the heavy grazing plots. During the 3 years trial period, the rainfall were 1,061.00, 890.80, and 1,409.90 mm respectively. The soil loss in the heavy grazing plots in the 3 years were 1,686,932 and 1,269 kg/ha. The erosion was not very serious. So that we suggest on a well established pasture about 51 goat unit' may be grazed without causing serious soil erosion.

並列關鍵字

pasture ； grazing ； goat ； soil and water conservation