以成長團體介入提昇高職學生拒藥能力之成效

The Effectiveness of Group Development on the Ability of Vocational High School Students to Refuse Addictive Drugs

李蘭(Lee-Lan Yen) ； 洪百薰(Baai-Shyun Hurng) ； 晏涵文(Han-Wen Yen) ； 楊雪華(Hsueh-Hua Yang) ； 童淑琴(Su-Chin Tung)

《Journal of Medical Education》 4卷3期 (2000/09) Pp. 340-352

https://doi.org/10.6145/jme.200009_4(3).0008

摘要

使用成癮藥物的習慣一旦養成，不僅危害自身健康，對家庭及社會也是一大威脅。所以，預防青少年使用成癮藥物是很重要的健康促進議題。為提昇高職學生拒絕使用成癮藥物的能力（藥物知識、溝通技巧、拒絕技術、拒藥效能），本研究採用類實驗研究設計來評量介入效果。實驗組學生除了參加每周一次，每次兩小時，共六個單元的成長團體活動外，另與校內對照組和校外對照組同時接受前測、後測和後後測共三次的評量。結果發現，成長團體活動及由大學生擔任小組領導員之做法，得到實驗組學生的肯定。在介入成效方面，對於「藥物知識」的提升，同時有立即效果和延宕效果；對於「溝通技巧」的提升只有立即效果；對於「拒絕技術」的提升只有延宕效果，也就是所謂的睡眠效應。此外，實驗組和校內對照組在後測時的「溝通技巧」比較，以及在後後測時的「拒絕技術」之比較皆沒有組間差異，可能是實驗污染造成。整體而言，健康介入的實驗性計畫值得推廣，而且在研究設計、執行方法與評價技術方面仍需不斷地提升。

關鍵字

成癮藥物 ； 健康促進 ； 實驗設計 ； 成長團體 ； 青少年

並列摘要

Addictive drug use not only has a negative impact on personal health, but also adversely affects family and society. Preventing adolescent use of addictive drugs is therefore an important part of public health promotion. In order to increase the ability of students to refuse addictive drugs (drug knowledge, communication skills, refusal skills, and self-efficacy in the avoidance of addictive drugs), a quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention. In the experimental group, group development activities comprising six biweekly sessions of two hours duration were conducted. Pre-test, post test and post-post test data were collected from an experimental group, a comparison in school group, and a comparison out of school group. Group development and the recruitment of university students as group leaders was shown to be helpful for students in the experimental group. Both the impact and delayed effects of drug knowledge were assessed. The impact effect was found to be an improvement in student communication skills while the delayed effect or sleeper effect was found to bean increase in student refusal skills. There was no significant difference between the experimental and comparison in school groups in communication skills post test and refusal skills post-post test, indicating that experimental contamination may have occurred. Overall, continued research focusing on health intervention seems worthwhile. Improvements in study design, implementation, and evaluation of health intervention programs are discussed.

並列關鍵字

addictive drug ； health promotion ； experimental design ； group development ； adolescent