公共衛生護理人員工作壓力、主管支持與工作滿意之相關性

The Association between Job Stress and Supervisor Support on Job Satisfaction in Public Health Nurses

張偉斌(Wei-Pin Chang) ； 何政勳(Cheng-Hsun Ho) ； 溫信財(Hsyien-Chia Wen) ； 林玉珊(Yu-Shan Lin)

《北市醫學雜誌》 17卷4期 (2020/12) Pp. 412-424

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.202012_17(4).0006

摘要

目的：本研究目的在探討公共衛生護理人員之工作壓力及主管支持對其工作滿意度之影響。方法：以問卷調查方式蒐集人口學變項、工作壓力量表、主管支持量表以及工作滿意量表。量表部分採用李克特式（Likert Scale）五點量表，共收集129位公共衛生護理人員，並以獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數（ANOVA）、皮爾森積差相關以及複迴歸進行分析。結果：本研究結果顯示公共衛生護理人員平均工作壓力為3.56分，主管支持平均分數為3.15分，平均工作滿意度為3.13分。公衛護理人員有「主管職」者之「人際關係」（t=2.53, p=.013）及「工作環境」（t=2.22, p=.029）滿意度皆高於「非主管職」者，且有顯著差異。複迴歸分析亦顯示「工作壓力」對「工作滿意」有負向顯著影響力（β=-0.438, p＜0.001）；而「主管支持」對「工作滿意」則有正向顯著影響力（β=0.248, p＜0.01）。結論：本研究證實「工作壓力」不利公衛護理人員之工作滿意度；而「主管支持」則有助其工作滿意。據此建議工作單位應提供多元身心舒壓管道與合理配置人力，來降低工作壓力；另主管階層應運用正式與非正式溝通管道增進其支持度，以提升部屬之工作滿意度。

關鍵字

工作壓力 ； 主管支持 ； 工作滿意 ； 公共衛生護理人員

並列摘要

Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between job stress and supervisor support on job satisfaction in public health nurses of a municipal city. Methods: Demographic information of the participants was collected in addition to the job stress scale, supervisor support scale, and job satisfaction scale based on 5-point Likert Scale. A total of 129 valid samples were obtained and the data were analyzed by using the independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis in SPSS 21.0. Results: The results showed a mean of 3.56, 3.15, and 3.13 in job stress, supervisor support, and job satisfaction, respectively. The satisfaction score of the nurses with administrative titles were significantly higher in interpersonal relationship (t=2.53, p=.013) and work environment (t=2.22, p=.029) than those without. The result of multiple regression indicated that job stress negatively affected the job satisfaction (β=-0.438, p ＜0.001), but supervisor support positively affected the job satisfaction (β=0.248, p ＜0.01). Conclusion: This study proved that job stress negatively affected nurses' job satisfaction, but supervisor support increases their job satisfaction. We suggest the public health authority to provide multiple stress relieving channels and proper manpower allocation to reduce job stress; the administrative supervisors should communicate with their subordinates formally or informally to enhance their job satisfaction.

並列關鍵字

job stress ； supervisor support ； job satisfaction ； public health nurses