車外環境熱負荷對汽車內部溫度之三維暫態分析

Vehicle External Heat Load Effect on the 3-D Transient Heat Transfer Analysis

張錦裕(Jiin-Yuh Jang) ； 朱啟豪(Chi-Hao Chu) ； 周文誠(Wen-Chung Chou)

《機械技師學刊》 1卷4期 (2008/12) Pp. 1-7

https://doi.org/10.6208/JPME-2008-04-01

摘要

汽車內空調對其乘員之冷熱感影響甚大，而車外環境因素如日射量、環境溫度、車外風速等對於汽車室內溫度之分佈也具有一定程度之影響，本文將以數值模擬方法來探討車外環境熱負荷對車內溫度分佈之影響進而預測在何種情況下能對其乘員之冷熱感有最佳化之設計而達到最佳之舒適環境。本文並利用空調除熱的理論為核心邊界條件，並考慮紊流之流動模式與車殼及座椅的共軛熱傳，探討轎車車型在接受日曬照射下傳入車內之熱量分佈比例，並模擬汽車內之空氣流動情形與車內空調負荷對車內溫度之影響，並求得車內溫度隨時間變化之分佈情形。理論分析結果與實驗數值比較誤差大約為5%。

關鍵字

汽車空調 ； 計算流體力學 ； 熱交換器理論

並列摘要

The environment factors such as solar radiation, air temperature and velocity have considerable effects on thermal comfort of the passenger as well as vehicle air-conditioning system. This study is focused on the calculation of vehicle external heat load of the car body components. The external heat load distribution for sedan is calculated using numerical simulation with a virtual environment grid system. The thermal physical property of the cabin wall is estimated by simplifying complex geometry to uniform laminate configuration.
Combine refrigerating and air-conditioning theory and conjugated heat transfer between turbulent flow field and car body components, the transient 3-D simulation of the cooling process are performed to predict the flow field and temperature distribution. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experiment measurements.

並列關鍵字

air-conditioning ； CFD ； heat exchange theory