競爭之美學視境－以安海姆之知覺動力說

本研究的目的乃希冀摒除理性、價值的探討，透過美學的視域，揭示競爭之激盪人心的美感所在。首先，本研究藉由文化、社會、教育等各家學者的觀點，陳述競爭存在於運動的必然。進一步，以安海姆（Rudolf Arnheim, 1904-）之完形心理學（Gestalt Psychology）美學理論，探討競爭性運動的動力場、競爭動力的感知路徑、競爭所呈現之動力形式，最後，以知覺競爭動力之統一、平衡的完滿自適，闡述競爭性境之美。

關鍵字

競爭；運動美學；安海姆

並列摘要

Today’s athletic competition is no longer simply a competition; it has been evolving into a high-degree of war-like conquer with defeating, humiliating, even annihilating the opponents! This change along with the fact of being marred by drug, violence, gambling and the likes, competition has turned into the root of all evils. Traditionally to light the wrong, most people start with the re-establishing of sport ethics through are-introduction and re-understanding of sport sociology with focus on the rationale of values and value judgments. It is the intention of this research, however, to take a different approach from the aesthetic perspective instead of the tradition angle to offer a new horizon in competition. This paper starts by offering different points of reviews from experts from the fields of culture, sociology, and education to pave the foundation for further research. Then the author will concentrate on the theories and principles on aesthetics by Gestalt psychology, especially the ones proposed by Rudolf Arnheim (1904-) to discuss the dynamic field of competition, the perceptual approach of competitive forces, and the forms. In the end, this paper would like to reach the conclusion that the beauty of competition is the Gestalt contexts of the dynamic field of competition.