受歡迎與被拒絕幼兒自我知覺和同儕知覺之比較研究

本研究目的在探討受歡迎與被拒絕幼兒在自我和同儕知覺的差異情形。研究對象篩選自3所幼稚園的受歡迎與被拒絕幼兒，計有68位，以及同儕204位，過程中以「自我（同儕）知覺量表」和簡要訪談方式，蒐集資料，並以相依樣本單因子變異數分析、相依和獨立樣本t考驗進行分析，發現如下：1.受歡迎幼兒自覺認知能力表現最好；被拒絕幼兒在自覺各層面的表現無顯著差異。2.同儕對受歡迎幼兒在認知能力、同儕和老師接受度三方面感受最深，被拒絕幼兒則在同儕接受度、認知和身體能力的印象最深。3.受歡迎幼兒自評在認知、身體能力和同儕接受度表現高於同儕評分；被拒絕幼兒自評在認知、身體能力、同儕和老師接受度表現高於同儕評分。4.受歡迎幼兒對認知能力的覺察高於被拒絕幼兒；同儕知覺受歡迎幼兒在認知、身體能力、同儕和老師接受度的得分高於被拒絕幼兒。依上述結果，提出三點建議：1深入探索被拒絕幼兒對自我能力的高估；2深入探索受歡迎幼兒對自我覺察的差異；3.深入探究攻擊型和退縮型幼兒的自我知覺與同儕知覺的差異，以供教師教學輔導和未來研究的參考。

關鍵字

受歡迎幼兒；被拒絕幼兒；自我知覺；同儕知覺

並列摘要

The objective of this study is to explore the difference of self-perception and peer perception between the popular and rejected children and their peers. To understand the perception of those children, 68 popular and rejected children from 3 kindergartes and 204 children of their classmates were screened. Data collected by the scale of peer-perception for young children were analyzed by the statistics method of the repeated measures and t-test.The results of this study showed that: (a) cognitive competence perceived by the popular children is the best among self-perception; (b) cognitive competence, peer acceptance, and teacher acceptance perceived by the peer of the popular children are better than the physical competence; (c) cognitive competence, physical competence, and peer acceptance of popular children perceived by themselves are higher than those of the rejected children (d) cognitive competence perceived by the popular children is higher than that of the rejected children; (e) the perception perceived by the peers of the popular children is higher than that of the rejected children. Suggestions are as follows: (a) to search the reason why the rejected children overestimate themselves; (b) to explore self perception of the popular children; (c) to discover the difference between self perception and peer perception of the aggressive and the withdrawal children.