IC設計公司的供應鏈策略研究

在IC設計公司的供應鏈中，晶圓代工廠是最關鍵的供應商，掌握晶圓代工產業的發展趨勢，做出最適的供應鏈策略因應，不但可為IC設計公司帶來長期穩定的晶圓供貨，並能縮短研發設計週期、提高品質和良率，降低生產成本，提高整體競爭力。晶圓代工廠是典型的重資產產業，積體電路的投資金額龐大，技術門檻和管理難度要求極高，台灣過去受惠於台積電所帶來的產業群聚效應，科技產業得以蓬勃發展，台灣的成功先例，使得晶圓代工廠成了大國貿易戰之下的兵家必爭之地，產業未來發展亦格外受到矚目。過去在供應鏈管理策略文獻上，較少針對IC設計公司的晶圓代工供應鏈做研究，本研究透過晶圓代工產業分析，將全球前十大晶圓代工廠依其優勢、劣勢、市場定位及未來發展方向做分群，並收集了美國、台灣和中國共41家IC設計公司的產品應用、毛利率、營業額及其晶圓代工廠供應商資訊，經由統計歸納其分群對應，分析了解各種規模的IC設計公司在不同的製程技術需求及產品周期，分別會採取何種晶圓代工廠策略因應，並提供可行之供應鏈管理建議。

關鍵字

IC設計；晶圓代工；供應鏈策略；供應鏈管理；供應商評選要素

並列摘要

Wafer foundry is the most critical suppliers of IC design company. Grasping the trend of foundry industry and making the most appropriate supply chain strategy, will bring long-term and stable capacity, shorten R D design cycle, improve quality yield, reduce production cost, and improve overall competitiveness. Wafer foundry is a typical heavy-asset industry. The investment of integrated circuits manufacturing is very huge. Technical and management requirements are also extremely high. Taiwan has benefited from the industrial clustering effect brought by TSMC, and the high tech industry has flourished. Taiwan’s successful precedents have caused wafer foundries to become a must-have for military strategists under the trade war of major powers. The future development of the industry has also attracted special attention. This research of foundry industry analysis is to identify and group the top ten foundries in the world, based on their advantages, disadvantages, market position and future roadmap. Collected product application, gross profit, revenue and wafer foundry supplier information of 41 IC design companies, and summarized their grouping correspondence through statistics and analysis. IC design companies will adopt a series of foundry strategies in response to different process technology and product cycles. This research is to provide feasible supply chain management recommendations.