After years of development, the carbon trading market has gradually matured, the geographical scope of participating countries has continued to expand, the market structure has been deepened to multiple levels, and financial complexity is not the same. According to the predictions of the United Nations and the World Bank, the global carbon trading will reach 60 billion US dollars per year in 2008-2012. In 2012, the global carbon trading market has a capacity of 150 billion US dollars, which is expected to surpass the oil market to become the world's largest market. Carbon trading has become the most unstoppable commodity in the world, and the currency binding rights of the carbon trading target and the monetary functions derived therefrom will have an impact on breaking the unilateral dollar hegemony and diversifying the international monetary pattern. This article clarifies the international carbon trading system and Taiwan's special carbon trading situation and mechanism.