我國各級學校營養教育及飲食環境探討及建議（二）：國民中小學

Nutrition Education and the Dietary Environment in Schools of Taiwan (Ⅱ): The Elementary and Junior High Schools

楊小淇(Hsiao-Chi Yang) ； 劉貴雲(Giu-Yun Liu) ； 杭極敏(Chi-Ming Hang) ； 姜小敏(Hsiao-Min Chiang) ； 林薇(Wei Lin)

《臺灣營養學會雜誌》 34卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.6691/NSJ.200903_34(1).0001

摘要

學校的飲食營養教育課程和飲食供應環境對學生飲食行為養成非常重要，調查顯示，國中小學生的飲食攝取不均衡，體重過重及肥胖有明顯增加的趨勢，且學生營養知識不足。國中小學校課程中雖有飲食營養相關內容，但教授營養相關課程教師之營養專業能力有待加強。在學校午餐及飲食環境方面，學校販售之飲料、點心及午餐都尚未能符合教育部訂定的相關規範。對於國中小之營養教育及飲食環境問題提出二方面的建議，第一方面為強化學生營養知能，以建立健康的飲食行為，主要作法包含(1)落實營養教育課程(2)提昇營養相關課程授課的教師營養專業教育知能；第二方面為營造學校健康飲食環境，其作法包含(1)輔導學校落實學校午餐食物內容及營養基準(2)輔導學校落實校園飲品及點心販售管理(3)強化學校營養師功能。

關鍵字

營養教育 ； 飲食環境 ； 學校 ； 國民小學 ； 國民中學

並列摘要

Both nutrition education and the dietary environment have great influences on the dietary habit development of children and preadolescents. After reviewing recent survey results, we found that many 1 st~9th graders did not have a balanced diet, the prevalence of students who were overweight and obese was increasing, and their nutrition knowledge was unsatisfactory. Common food and nutrition knowledge is part of the mandatory guidelines of school curricula; however, it is not guaranteed that this is being taught properly or that satisfactory effects are being achieved. Moreover, teachers' competency with teaching about food and nutrition knowledge was insufficient. As for the food environment, the nutritional quality of food, including meals, beverages, and snacks which are sold in schools do not meet the government regulations/standards. Suggestions related to nutrition education and the dietary environment were addressed from two aspects. First, to ascertain students' ability to develop healthy eating habits through implementing nutrition education courses, the courses should focus not only on knowledge but also on behavior. Moreover, the competencies of teachers can be enhanced through both pre- and in-service teacher education. Second, a healthy food environment needs to be built in elementary and junior high schools by enforcing implementation of the ”Requirement of food ingredients and essential nutrients for school lunches” and ”Regulations regarding the kinds of food sold on elementary and junior high school campuses” and requiring registered dietitians be hired for meal planning and assisting with nutrition education.

並列關鍵字

nutrition education ； dietary environment ； elementary school ； junior high school