論 約瑟夫•馬洛德•威廉•泰納(1775-1851) 風景畫中自然的震撼力

Analysis of nature power in landscape paintings of Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851)

陳銀真(YIN-CHEN CHEN)

指導教授 ： 林素惠

共同指導教授 ： 劉思量(S-Lain Liu)

國立臺北藝術大學/美術學院學術論文/美術學系碩士班美術史組/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6835/TNUA.2014.00170

摘要

中文摘要

約瑟夫•威廉•馬洛德•泰納（Turner, Joseph Mallord William，1775-1851），其風景畫擁有完整的自然生命體而達到使自然神形兼備的境界，所以擁有令人驚奇的自然震撼力。本論文就泰納的作品及研究泰納的著作中分析，並找出泰納風景作品中富於震撼力的原因。
泰納早年因為不斷旅行再加上繪製地形圖的經驗，故養成觀察及感受自然的習慣。柯詹斯把自然抽象化及吉爾亭將自然詩意化的呈現，使他開啟將主觀情感加入自然風景的視野。另外，洛漢作品中光、霧等視覺呈現更啟發泰納對風景中視覺真實的重視。
秉持著對自然的觀察及精神感受，泰納從自然的視覺真實（形狀），到感受自然為有機體（神形兼俱）、到突破自然的形，把對自然的主觀感受提煉出來而達到（神似）的境界。其風景作品可謂是一連串以形寫神來詮釋大自然的進程，致最終能生動地傳遞風景的內在精神，使其風景作品能具有不同於其它風景畫的自然震撼力，更能與觀者共鳴。

關鍵詞：自然的真實、把自然有機化、自然的震撼力、以形寫神、風景畫、泰納

關鍵字

自然的真實、把自然有機化、自然的震撼力、以形寫神、風景畫、泰納

並列摘要

Abstract

For successly showing the true nature, Turner﹐Joseph Mallord William’s landscape paintings deliver the shapes and spirits of landscape and reveal the natural power in his landscape paintings.
In my research paper, according Turner’s works and the studies for Turner, Joseph Mallord William to find the causes of natural power in his landscape paintings.
Turner owned many experiences of geographical describing and traveling in his early time, so he was used to observing and feeling nature. Moreover, Turner was inspired by John Robert Gozen’s obstract describing and Tomas Girtin’s poetic describing in their landscapes, he started to add his feelings in his landscapes. On the other hand, The fog and light in Claude Lorrian’s painting influnced Turner to give his heed to deliver the true vision in landscape.
Both in observing and experiencing nature, Turner’s landscape could be divided three processes: Shaped, Both have shape and spirit, and Spiritualize. Shaped means Turner’s works describes true vision in nature. Both have shape and spirit is owing to Turner’s believing in nature is a organism, and won its life. Furthermore, by showing his feelings in his work, Turner made his landscape subjective and spiritual .
Therefore, Turner , Joseph Mallord William’s landscape is a process of showing nature. Form shape to siprit,Turner successfully takes the spirit of the shape. Thus, his landscape paintings are always powerful and move his audiences.

Key Words : true nature, make nature oganic, the power of nature, take the spirit of the shape, landscape, J．M．W Turner

並列關鍵字

true nature, make nature oganic, the power of nature, take the spirit of the shape, landscape, J．M．W Turner

參考文獻

Cage, John.: poetry and truth, Color in Turner New York: Praeger, C1969

Dinah Birch: Ruskin on Turner, The Albion Press,1990

Giuseppe Gatt: Turner, Grosset & Dunlap 1st American ,1967

Graham Reynolds: Turner, Thames and Hudson,1969

Hirsh, Diana, Amsterdam: The world of Turner, 1775-1851, Time-Life Books, C1969