為了在台灣精密機械製造業的領域裡,迎接高精密加工技術。本論文提出一套有效的伺服參數調校方法,並將其植入CNC控制器中自動修改參數,能在不影響原有加工效率下達到最佳之加工性能,可讓工具機業者在高精度加工之伺服參數調校上加以應用或銷售,以發揮國產工具機之加工性能,進而提昇國產工具機在國際上之競爭力及附加價值。 首先,利用日本田口玄一博士開發之針對品質維持與參數決策上的方法-田口法(Taguchi Method)來規劃前置實驗,並以大立機器之PT-128模具加工機為實驗機台,求得影響加工表面粗度最大之幾個伺服參數,將這幾個伺服參數在不同工件重量時之最佳組合,利用FANUC之Servo-Guide軟體及德國HEINDENHAIN之格柵編碼器(Grid Encoder)調校出來,就可利用曲線擬合之方式得出各個參數與工件重量變化之加工性能迴歸方程式。 再利用控制器廠商FANUC所提供之Macro 軟體將各個參數與工件重量之加工性能迴歸方程式寫入控制器之ROM裡,成為可執行之G指令,提供使用著一個加工性能最佳化之軟體,如此使用者只要在加工程式中加入工件之重量變數,控制器即可按照工件重量,算出最佳之伺服參數組合,並自動加以修改,如此即可達到不同工件重量時,自動調校最佳加工性能伺服參數的目的。
In order to promote the competition ability and additional value of domestic machine tools in the world, this thesis brings up a valid method and algorithm that can be directly programmed in the CNC controller and automatically modify the servo parameters to obtain the optimal machining performance without losing its machining efficiency. In this thesis, Taguchi Method is used to analyze the experimental data to identify the dominant servo parameters of the controller. Subsequently, the algorithm to optimally control the various load weights to obtain the better surface roughness of workpiece is developed. According to the algorithm, an automatic optimal machining control system is developed with FANUC Marco Executor. The system can automatically find out the values of the servo parameters and substitute to the controller for better machining accuracy without losing its machining efficiency. Curve fitting technique with experimental method was adopted for the development of the system. To verify the effectiveness of the developed system, several cutting experiments were conducted in DAHLIH PT-128 machining center. In the experiments, HEINDENHAIN Grid encoder and CMM were used to inspect the machining accuracy. The verification results have shown that the system can well enhance the machining accuracy of a machine by automatically turing servo parameters.