外籍配偶天然災害避難援助之研究

目前國內研究對於外籍配偶(亦稱新移民、外籍新娘)之研究多僅限於本身的語言問題、社會問題、或其適應的狀況與衍生的社會現象與其子女的教養問題等，鮮少針對天然災害防救災的資訊傳遞、通報、防災教育等相關議題討論與研究，本論文研究之成果可望提出建議使得外籍配偶於天然災害受災時擁有防救災應變之能力，更能夠幫助拯救其上、中、下三代免於為天然災害發生時淪為災害中無力自救的弱勢族群。首先探討國內需要外籍配偶的原因，以及目前在台的分佈情形，擬定政府在推動各項天然災害措施可能遭遇的問題點，並藉由發放問卷整理分析外籍配偶在天然災害防救的程度與需求，以及瞭解中央機關及地方政府與民間單位針對外籍配偶現有災害防救措施與態度，再訪求專家學者之意見。參考日本針對外國人所訂定的防災準則、外國人災害訊息中心的設置與聯繫的各部署及業務，本論文規劃外籍配偶天然災害擬定避難援助，共分為減災、整備、應變、復原等四階段之工作事項並整理出各項內容輔以文字、圖表說明，以供相關單位與後續研究者參考，最後回歸整理出結論與建議。

關鍵字

外籍配偶；避難援助；天然災害；防救災對策；外國人訊息中心

並列摘要

Currently, most of the domestic studies with regard to foreign spouses (also call new immigrant or foreign bride) are limited to their language problem, social problem, their adapting condition and the corresponding social phenomena, and the education problem for their children; those studies rarely countered the relevant topics of disaster prevention , such as hazard message transmission , reporting and education. The research results of this thesis are therefore hoped to help propose suggestion so as to make foreign spouses possess the ability of dealing with natural disasters, this study might also help to save the upper, middle and lower generations in order to avoid becoming the disadvantaged group that could not save themselves when the natural disasters hit. First of all, this study discussed the reason why Taiwan needs foreign spouses and their current geographical distribution in Taiwan, and formulated possible questions that might arise when the government try to enforce natural disaster countermeasures. They by distributing the questionnaire, so as to arrange and analyze the degree of hazard prevention and demand when the foreign spouses encounter natural disasters , this study realized their attitudes of central organizations, local governments and civil units toward the existing disaster prevention measures with regard to foreign spouses. Finally the opinion of experts and scholars would also be inquired for better understanding. Referring the related guidelines for disaster prevention , the establishment of foreigner’s disaster information center , and the government jurisdiction with regard to foreigners by Japanese , this thesis setup the planning for the natural disasters that foreign spouses might suffer so as to draw up the refuge help, which includes four stages of work items– disaster mitigation , preparedness , emergency response and reconstruction , then the content of each stage was arranged and assisted with written words and diagrams for illustration, so as to provide the reference for the relevant agencies to follow-up; finally, the conclusions and suggestions were proposed for the main theme.