低壓微電網供電系統故障特性分析及保護協調研究

Fault Characteristic and Protective Coordination for the Low Voltage Microgrid Supply System

莊家祥(Chia-Hsiang Chuang)

指導教授 ： 周至如

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00106

摘要

本文探討低壓微電網供電系統故障特性並規劃其保護協調，其中所探討的系統將考慮三相三線式與三相四線式供電線路、系統多重接地與單點接地及市電併聯運轉與孤島運轉等不同架構。首先以電磁暫態分析軟體(EMTP/ATP)建構不同架構的低壓微電網供電系統模型，針對微電網供電系統不同故障點及不同故障型態下，進行分析各位置之電壓及電流變化，而故障點涵蓋主匯流排、饋線、負載端及電源端等，故障型態則包括相間故障、相對地故障及相對中性線故障等，藉此故障特性分析結果，本文進一步以新型數位電驛規劃系統之保護協調，電驛類型以反時型過電流電驛與方向性過電流電驛為主。最後綜合實例的故障特性分析與保護協調規劃結果，檢討微電網供電系統在保護協調上遇到的盲點，並提出改善對策，以達成適當保護協調提昇微電網供電系統的保護能力。

關鍵字

微電網供電系統 ； 故障特性 ； 保護協調 ； 孤島運轉 ； 數位電驛

並列摘要

In this thesis, the fault characteristic of low voltage microgrid supply system are analyzed and the fault protective coordination is planned. Different system frameworks which include three-phase-three-wire(3Φ3W) and three-phase-four-wire (3Φ4W) with multiple-point system grounding and single-point system grounding under utility parallel operation and island operation are considered. First of all, modeling and fault simulations by the alternative transient program(ATP) of the electromagnetic transient program(EMTP) for the low voltage microgrid supply system are presented, in which the voltages and currents at various points under different fault types and different fault points are analyzed. The fault points include mainbus, feeders, load terminals and source terminals, while the fault types including phase-to-phase, phase-to-ground and phase-to-neutral faults are taken into account. Based on the fault characteristic analysis result, the system protective coordination is planned by advanced digital relays which mainly use the inverse-time overcurrent relays and directional overcurrent relays. Finally, from the result of fault characteristic analysis and protective coordination planning for an actual low voltage microgrid supply system, the encountered protective coordination problems and improved strategies are discussed for obtaining the suitable coordination and increasing the performance of system protection.

並列關鍵字

Microgrid Supply System ； Fault Characteristic ； Protective Coordination ； Island Operation ； Digital Relays

參考文獻

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