氣、二氣化碳及改變大氣貯藏對苦瓜果實後熟及櫃架壽命之影響

Effect of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and Modified Atmosphere Storage on Ripening and Shelf-life of Fruits of Momordica Charantia L.

郭純德(Chun-Teh Kuo) ； 蔡平里(Ping-Lie Tsai) ； 林宗賢(Tzong-Shyan Lin)

《中國園藝》 34卷4期 (1988/12) Pp. 249-261

https://doi.org/10.6964/JCSHS.198812.0249

摘要

當氧氣濃度低於7%時，苦瓜果實之乙烯生成量降低，呼吸更性上升黃化後熟均受到延緩。氧氣濃度爲1%時，苦瓜果實雖有微量乙烯生成，但無呼吸更年上昇及後熟黃化現苦瓜果實之界氧農度，在20℃爲1%。高於5%之二氧化碳均能增進苦瓜果實之乙烯生成，20%之二氧化碳明顯地造成果實傷害。聚乙烯袋(0.02 mm)加上乙烯吸收劑在21℃、28℃及30℃中均能延緩苦瓜果實黃化後熟。經低溫（2℃及10℃）貯藏9天之果實在移至室溫後均迅速敗壞，以聚乙烯袋包裝可減輕敗壞之嚴重程度。影響苦瓜改變大氧貯藏效果最主要的因素是乙烯，以聚乙烯袋加乙烯吸收劑，在常溫或低溫下，對苦瓜之短期運輸或貯藏，具有實際運用的潛力。

關鍵字

苦瓜 ； 氣 ； 二氣化碳 ； 改變大氣貯藏 ； 後熟 ； 櫃架壽命

並列摘要

The rate of respiration, ethylene emanation and fruit ripening of balsam pear decreased as oxygen concentration was decreased to less than 5%. The critical O2 level for balsam pear fruit was 1% at 21℃, and anaerobic respiration occured when O2 concentration was below 1%. Increasing O2 concentration above 20% did not affect the respiration rate significantly as compared to that of 20% O2.
Ethylene production by the fruit was enhanced when CO2 concentration was greater than 5%. Sealing single fruit in polyethylene bag (0.02 mm thick) containing ethylene absorbant (KMnO4) delayed fruit softening and yellowing at both 21℃ and 28℃, Rapid deterioration of fruit, an indication of chilling injury, was observed when fruits were stored at 2℃ and 10℃ for 9 days and then transfered into 21℃. Polyethylene packing slightly delayed fruit deterioration under this condition.

並列關鍵字

balsam pear ； oxygen ； corbon dioxide ； MA storage ； ripening ； shelf-life