金門、馬祖及澎湖離島地區家犬血液寄生蟲疫情、免疫狀態及狂犬病抗體力價現況調查

Epidemiological Survey of Blood Parasites Infection, Rabies Serotiter and Immunization Status of Housed Dogs in Kinmen, Matsu, and Penghu Area

鄭豐邦(Feng-Pang Cheng) ； 鄭文欽(Wen-Chin Cheng) ； 羅榮鴻(Lung-Hung Lo)

《臺灣獸醫學雜誌》 30卷2期 (2004/06) Pp. 125-130

https://doi.org/10.7009/TVJ.200406.0125

摘要

本研究之目的在了解金門、馬祖及澎湖地區家犬血液寄生蟲感染、免疫狀態及狂犬病抗體力價現況，以期做為未來疫情控制之參考。於2003年8月間，在金門縣金湖鎮及金城鎮，連江縣南竿、北竿、東引及莒光四鄉鎮及澎湖縣馬公市，以隨機採樣方式分別調查140、65及140隻家犬。利用IDEXX®犬心絲蟲/愛利希體/萊姆病三合一血清ELISA檢驗及Giemsa's染色血液抹片於高倍油鏡下檢查。金門地區檢出心絲蟲感染為3.4%；愛利希體感染為23.3%；另檢出三例感染肝簇蟲。馬祖地區檢出心絲蟲感染為2.1%，未檢出其他血液寄生蟲。澎湖地區檢出心絲蟲感染為2.4%；另檢出感染犬焦蟲及肝簇蟲各一例。萊姆病抗體檢出率於所有離島均為零。以酵素連結免疫吸附法（ELISA）檢測金門、馬祖及澎湖地區家犬狂犬病抗體力價，血清抗體陽性率分別為86.5%、57.1%及52.5%，此結果與狂犬病疫苗施打率吻合。目前金門、馬祖及澎湖地區家犬心絲蟲感染屬低度感染，金門地區愛利希體感染率偏高，而馬祖及澎湖地區狂犬病疫苗施打率及有效抗體力價仍顯不足，相關有效推廣防治工作值得重視。

關鍵字

犬血液寄生蟲 ； 狂犬病 ； 人畜共通傳染病

並列摘要

To survey the present status of canine blood parasites infection among housed dogs in Kinmen, Matsu and Penghu area, a combined ELlSA kit IDEXX® (Dirofilaria immits, Ehrlichia canis, Borrelia burgdorferi) and microscopic examinations of Giemsa's stained blood smears were performed in randomly chosen 140, 65 and 140 individuals in August 2003. The infected percentages of D. imitis and E. canis seropositive combined with E. Platys observed on smear preparations was detected to be 3.4% and 23.3% in Kinmen, 2.1% and 0% in Matsu, 2.4% and 0% in Penghu while B. burgdorferi seropositive was not found in all area. Infection of Hepatozoon spp. was merely observed in three individuals in Kinmen and one in Penghu, respectively. One Babesia spp. infection was detected in Penghu. AII serum samples were tested for antirabies antibody using commercial ELlSA kit. The percentage of seropositive dogs was found to be 86.5%, 57.1% and 52.5% in respective Kinmen, Matsu and Penghu area. These figures were in accordance to the percentages of vaccinated dogs. Taken together, low incidence of Dirofilariasis and relatively high prevalence of Ehrlichiasis, suggest that prompt means of disease control is needed to prevent from increasing prevalence. Results of insufficient population with effective antirabies serotiter indicate disease control policy ought to be strengthened to suppress possible outbreak.

並列關鍵字

Canine blood parasites ； Rabies ； Zoonosis