公共建設投資決策檢討研究

目前政府公共建設計畫計有23個次類別，均以個案計畫方式，缺乏整合規劃，其可行與否及優先順序，均涉及審議時投資決策之作為；其雖經過多層級的嚴密審查與審議通過後，交付執行，但仍屢有成效不彰的公共建設案例，顯見個案計畫審議方式之投資決策，已出現嚴重瓶頸，顯有其侷限之處。在威權戒嚴時代，公共建設投資政策制定過程，可以說是高度穩定與持續的；解除戒嚴後，我國進人政黨政治，形成政黨輪替的局面，政客們為博得選民青睞的政治利益，不理性地要求大幅增加社會福利經常門支出與各項資本鬥公共建設之選舉支票，易使得資源配置錯亂，形成政客、利益團體與官員間之鐵三角間隱藏尋租行為，從中套取利益，同時也產生資源排擠性影響到重要的公共建設投資計畫，公共建設投資計畫的順利推動，勢必也要更能與現實妥協。政府公共建設的成效，迄今仍屢有被飽受批評，在其投資決策機制上，顯有需予正視重新檢討的必要，機制並非一成不變，理應與時俱進檢討調整，乃擬提出研究建議，以供政府公共建設政府投資決策時之參考。

關鍵字

公共建設；投資決策

並列摘要

As of now, government's public construction projects cover a total of 23 sub-categories, which are carried out on a case by case basis with no integrated planning. Their feasibility and priority are scrutinized as investment decisions. Although review and scrutiny operations have been strictly implemented via multi-level examination before being handed over for execution, ineffective public construction cases are frequently found, proving that the decision-making mechanism of case by case review and scrutiny has reached a serious bottleneck with inbred flaws. In the authoritarian era of martial law, it could be said public construction investment policy-making process was highly stable and sustainable. With the lifting of martial law, our country entered party politics with rotating governments where voters favor politicians who help their political interests. This irrational process often requires a substantial increase in social welfare spending, public works and capital, in other words, ＂electing a check＂. This easily leads not only to confusion in resource allocation, where politicians, interest groups and officials are caught in the iron triangle between seeking gain and illegal interest, but also produces a resource crowding impact on important public construction investment projects. Infrastructure investment plans need to be smoothly promoted, and require a more realistic compromise. The effectiveness of the government's public works have so far been repeatedly criticized for their investment decision-making mechanism. There is a need for them to be reviewed again: mechanisms are not immutable, and should be reviewed and revised the in step with times. This review is intended as a proposal to the Government, for government reference, for public construction investment decision-making.